---
alias:
- MTSI
- Modern Technology Solutions, Inc.
- Modern Technology Solutions Inc
- Modern Technology Solutions, Inc
- Modern Technology Solutions Inc.
- Modern Technology Solutions Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust
category: Organizations
created: 2026-10-04
location: Alexandria, Virginia
relations:
- fn: 1
  reverse: true
  role: co-founder (with Tom McMahan); co-president and chief executive for 20 years,
    then chairman of the board
  start: 1993
  type: founded
  with: '[[Phil Soucy]]'
- fn: 1
  reverse: true
  role: co-founder; co-president from 1993 until 2013 (per the company's biography,
    which states that he retired from the Air Force in 1993 as a colonel with 'oversight
    responsibility for all Air Force special access programs')
  start: 1993
  type: founded
  with: '[[Tom McMahan]]'
- fn: 3
  reverse: true
  role: president and chief executive officer, succeeding Phil Soucy
  start: 2014-02-10
  type: head_of
  with: '[[Kevin Robinson]]'
- end: 2023
  fn: 20
  role: listed as an affiliated organization on Venn Strategies' lobbying reports
    for the Roundtable (amended reports for 2019 and 2020 filed December 2020, through
    the first-quarter 2023 report)
  start: 2019
  type: member_of
  with: '[[Employee-Owned Contractors Roundtable]]'
- fn: 19
  role: listed on the Roundtable's 2026 Membership List
  start: 2026
  type: member_of
  with: '[[Employee-Owned Contractors Roundtable]]'
- fn: 8
  role: supporter of the Center at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base since 2006 (per
    MTSI); holder of NOVASTAR indefinite-delivery contract FA860422DB007 (August 19,
    2022) and prime on task orders from September 2022
  start: 2006
  type: contractor_to
  with: '[[National Air and Space Intelligence Center]]'
- fn: 14
  role: announced position on the Defense Intelligence Agency's Contract Operations
    for Missile Evaluation and Testing (COMET) vehicle
  start: 2026-09-02
  type: contractor_to
  with: '[[Missile and Space Intelligence Center]]'
- fn: 4
  role: order 47QFSA26F0035 (MES III) under OASIS+ contract 47QRCA25DU655, description
    citing the ESOP pilot authority of sections 874 and 872
  start: 2026-09-08
  type: contracted_with
  with: '[[General Services Administration]]'
- fn: 15
  role: prime on contracts HQ014718C0003 (signed October 30, 2017) and HQ086020C0006
    (signed September 17, 2020)
  start: 2017-10-30
  type: contractor_to
  with: '[[Missile Defense Agency]]'
- fn: 12
  role: prime on NOVASTAR order FA860425FB121, with a subaward to Leidos, Inc. of
    $9,696,280.59 reported April 9, 2025; five Leidos subaward rows totaling $29,404,516.34
    across NOVASTAR orders
  start: 2025-04-09
  type: contracted_with
  with: '[[Leidos]]'
- fn: 13
  role: subawardee ('TECHNICAL SERVICES', subaward DSC3105-B) under General Services
    Administration award GS05T13BMC0003, 'Foreign Materiel Exploitation Engineering
    and Maintenance Support' funded by the National Air and Space Intelligence Center
  start: 2018-02-15
  type: contracted_with
  with: '[[HII Mission Technologies]]'
summary: Alexandria, Virginia defense and intelligence contractor founded in 1993
  by two retired Air Force officers, 100 percent employee-owned since 2017, with NASIC
  NOVASTAR task orders and a 2026 order under the ESOP pilot.
tags:
- Organization
- DefenseContractor
- EmployeeOwned
- ESOP
- TechnicalIntelligence
- ForeignMaterielExploitation
- NASIC
- TestAndEvaluation
- SpecialAccessPrograms
- AlexandriaVirginia
updated: 2026-10-04
---

### Founding and leadership

Phil Soucy and Tom McMahan founded Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. in 1993; the company's 2014 website says they did so "with a single defense contract and a few computers." The company's biography of Soucy states that he graduated from Norwich University with a commission in the [United States Air Force](/organizations/us-air-force/), served more than 20 years as an officer, first as a weapons systems officer, then as a flight test engineer, and finally as "a program manager for the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition's Special Projects branch"; that he is a graduate of the United States Air Force Test Pilot School; and that he was co-president and chief executive of the company for 20 years before becoming chairman of the board. Its biography of McMahan states that he graduated from the Missouri University of Science and Technology (then University of Missouri-Rolla) and served 25 years in the Air Force, and that "When he retired in 1993 as a colonel, Tom had oversight responsibility for all Air Force special access programs and was a primary advisor to the Secretary of the Air Force and Chief of Staff regarding special technology programs with emphasis on stealth and counter stealth technology, development, and operational utilization," and that he served as co-president from 1993 until 2013. The 2014 founders page gives the shorter statement that "When he retired in 1993 as a colonel, Tom had oversight responsibility for all Air Force special access programs." The staff biographies of both founders list expertise in low observable and counter low observable technology and electronic countermeasures.[^1][^2]

Kevin Robinson was announced as president and chief executive officer on February 10, 2014, succeeding Soucy, who remained chairman. The announcement states that Robinson "joined MTSI in 1997 as an entrepreneur and director of the Acquisition and Technology group" after "multiple leadership roles at GRCI (now AT&T Federal)," and that the company had "over 580 employees, based at nine offices across the [United States](/places/united-states/)."[^3] The headquarters address listed on federal award records is Shawnee Road, Alexandria, Virginia.[^4]

### Employee Stock Ownership Plan

The Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust (Form 5500 plan 003, sponsor employer identification number 54-1670018) is described in its audited statements as "a leveraged employee stock ownership plan ('ESOP') established effective January 1, 2008," restated January 1, 2023. The audit for plan year 2024 records two purchases of company stock by the plan: "On December 5, 2008, the Plan purchased 295,203 shares of Company common shares at a purchase price of $10,978,600 or $37.19 per share," and "During April 2013, the Plan purchased 357,336 shares at a cost of $62.00 per share, for a total purchase price of $22,148,632." Both were financed by the company sponsor and collateralized by unallocated shares; the notes state that the plan purchased stock "financed by an installment loan that was due to the Company, and installment loans due to stockholders," and that "The loan has been repaid in full." The 2024 statements' schedule of investments lists the 2013 purchase as 357,236 shares, while the audits for plan years 2017 and 2019 give it as "368,862 shares at a cost of $62.00 per share, for a total purchase price of" $22,869,444.[^5] The plan's recordkeeper is Principal Financial Group; the plan's assets are "held by the trustees of the Plan," who are not named in the financial statements.[^6]

On May 2, 2017 the company announced that it was "now officially 100% employee owned," with the headline "MTSI Fulfills ESOP Promise Ahead of Schedule." The announcement describes the change as "the completion of an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) initiated in 2008" and quotes McMahan: "Many years ago, one of the best decisions in the company's history to date was made by opting against an opportunity to be bought out." It states that the company had "over 730 employees, based at 20 offices and field sites worldwide."[^7]

The audited statements give the per-share value of company stock at $78.50 (December 31, 2016), $100.25 (2017), $120.00 (2018), $171.75 (2019), $453.75 (2023) and $569.25 (2024). The fair value of the plan's holding of company common stock was $296,044,196 at December 31, 2023 and $371,400,901 at December 31, 2024, and the stated maximum put-option commitment was $293,544,196 and $366,400,901 for those dates. The company advanced the plan $2,500,000 in 2023 (repaid in 2024) and $5,000,000 in 2024 "to cover the Plan and Trust's repurchase obligations."[^6][^5] Form 5500 line 6a(2) active participants at the end of the plan year were 710 (2017), 837 (2018), 1,020 (2019), 1,178 (2020), 1,263 (2021), 1,433 (2022), 1,978 (2023) and 2,125 (2024).[^5]

### National Air and Space Intelligence Center work

The National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC) selected five companies for NOVASTAR. MTSI's announcement of August 19, 2022, citing Defense.gov, describes it as "a 11-year indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (IDIQ), small business set-aside contract providing Scientific and Technical Intelligence (S&TI) support services to NASIC," and states that "MTSI has supported [Wright-Patterson Air Force Base](/places/wright-patterson-air-force-base/) (WPAFB) in Beavercreek, Ohio since 2006," that "Over the past 16+ years, MTSI has had the privilege of supporting NASIC in the delivery of differentiated all-source intelligence analysis, threat Modeling and Simulation (M&S), and [Foreign Materiel Exploitation](/concepts/foreign-materiel-exploitation/) (FME)," and that for NOVASTAR it partnered with Ball Aerospace, Leidos "and their wholly owned subsidiary" [Dynetics](/organizations/dynetics/), Decibel Research, Mile Two, Awetomaton and AIS. The announcement quotes Robinson, Andrew Norton as NOVASTAR program manager and Austin Smith as senior director of the National Security Division.[^8] The federal procurement record for MTSI's NOVASTAR indefinite-delivery contract is FA860422DB007 ("NOVASTAR, NASIC S AND TI ANALYTIC CAPABILITY SUPPORT CONTRACT"), signed August 19, 2022, with a ceiling of $4,797,000,000 and performance through August 18, 2027; the parallel contracts FA860422DB005, FA860422DB006, FA860422DB008 and FA860422DB009 are held by Altamira Technologies, Epsilon C5I, [Radiance Technologies](/organizations/radiance-technologies/) and Xandar.[^9] On February 16, 2023 MTSI posted that "NASIC awarded its first two Task Orders under the S&TI Analytic Capability Support (NOVASTAR) IDIQ Contract to MTSI and its teammates."[^10]

USAspending lists nine MTSI orders under the NOVASTAR and NASIC science and technical analytic capability descriptions, all awarded by Air Force Life Cycle Management Center contracting activity FA8604 (total obligated amounts as listed): FA860422FB357 ($5,000; September 2 to October 31, 2022); FA860423FB048 ($1,899,683.83; February 2, 2023 to February 1, 2024); FA860423FB055 ($4,657,246.68; March 1, 2023 to March 4, 2024); FA860423FB162 ($1,630,402.52; May 1 to December 31, 2023); FA860423FB335 ($7,251,000, with a potential value of $8,994,514; September 8, 2023 to September 7, 2027; funding office "NASIC GS"); FA860423FB383 ($1,046,016; September 22, 2023 to September 21, 2026); FA860423FB463 ($2,999,249; September 29, 2023 to September 28, 2024); FA860423FB472 ($2,796,558; September 29, 2023 to August 28, 2025); and FA860424FB099 ($5,318,807; March 5, 2024 to March 4, 2026). The descriptions of FA860423FB383 and FA860423FB463 read "NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE INTELLIGENCE CENTER SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL ANALYTIC CAPABILITY SUPPORT."[^9]

The USAspending order list for NOVASTAR contract FA860422DB007 shows 21 orders with $98,035,229.12 obligated (first order FA860422FB357, September 2, 2022, a $5,000 minimum guarantee; most recent signed June 23, 2026). Seven of the nine orders listed above carry the word NOVASTAR in their descriptions; FA860423FB383 and FA860423FB463 carry "NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE INTELLIGENCE CENTER SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL ANALYTIC CAPABILITY SUPPORT," and orders from June 2024 onward incorporate performance work statements by title, among them FA860424FB199 "THREAT WEAPONS MODELING AND SIMULATION SUPPORT," FA860425FB121 "NSIC SPACE SYSTEMS SUPPORT (NSC-25-036)" ($7,644,905) and FA860426FB192 "CATALOG COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT" ($9,783,375, June 23, 2026). Obligations by fiscal year (action dates) are $5,000 (2022), $13,801,079.03 (2023), $12,818,767.00 (2024), $35,217,354.00 (2025) and $36,193,029.09 (2026, through October 4). Of the 21 orders, 20 list Dayton, Ohio and one lists Alexandria, Virginia as place of performance; funding offices are NASIC GS (9), NASIC WM (7), NASIC FT (2), and one each for NASIC GX, National Space Intelligence (F4FTSF) and NASIC Wing Staff A Staff (F4FTBJ); 20 are coded "FAIR OPPORTUNITY GIVEN" and one "MINIMUM GUARANTEE."[^11]

The USAspending subaward list for the MTSI orders shows 30 rows to 13 subawardees with a reported total of $72,291,782. The largest are Leidos, Inc. (5 rows, $29,404,516.34), Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp. (5, $8,122,448.17), Sequoia Research Corporation (4, $7,831,641.22), Decibel Research, Inc. (5, $7,026,023.78), Awetomaton Ltd (3, $6,903,777.39), Recro Corporation (1, $5,988,483.09), Kitware Inc (1, $2,001,379.13) and DarkStar Intelligence, LLC (1, $1,949,296.00). The subaward text under order FA860425FB121 (subaward to Leidos, Inc., I22-23041-LDYN-TO-6, April 9, 2025, $9,696,280.59) reads: "THE SCOPE OF THE WORK PERFORMED UNDER THIS TASK ORDER INCLUDES ANALYSIS OF SPACE SYSTEMS TO INCLUDE SATELLITE NAVIGATION SIGNALS, NAVIGATION WARFARE, FOREIGN SATELLITE SYSTEMS AND CAD SUPPORT, SATELLITE SUBSYSTEM COMPONENT ANALYSIS, FOREIGN SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS SPECTRUM ANALYSIS, AND ISR SATELLITE ANALYSIS." The text under order FA860425FB203 ("COMPETITION VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS (CVA) AND MISSILE DEFEAT SUPPORT (NSC-25-054)," $10,407,660.09; subawards to Sequoia Research Corporation, June 6, 2025, $2,084,049.26, and Kratos SRE, Inc., June 12, 2025, $878,295.65) includes: "THE SCOPE OF THE WORK PERFORMED UNDER THIS TASK ORDER INCLUDES PERFORMING ALL-SOURCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE (S&TI) ANALYSIS SUPPORTING NASIC, UNITED STATES (U.S.) AIR FORCE, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD) AND NATIONAL LEVEL INTELLIGENCE EFFORTS. THE BALLISTIC MISSILE ANALYSIS SQUADRON (NASIC/WMB) AND THE INFORMATION WARFARE ANALYSIS SQUADRON (NASIC/FTW) ARE SUPPORTED UNDER THIS PWS. THE SUBCONTRACTOR SHALL PERFORM S&TI OF FOREIGN STRIKE WEAPONS IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS: DETAILED EXTERNAL CONFIGURATION; LOCATION AND PERFORMANCE OF INTERNAL COMPONENTS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND OTHER SUBSYSTEMS; CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS ANALYSIS; GUIDANCE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS; PROPULSION SYSTEMS; REENTRY SYSTEMS, COUNTERMEASURES, AND GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT."[^12]

### Foreign materiel exploitation subawards, 2018

USAspending lists MTSI as a subawardee with seven rows dated February 15, 2018 under subaward number DSC3105-B, description "TECHNICAL SERVICES," reported total $1,403,592.12, on General Services Administration award GS05T13BMC0003, "FOREIGN MATERIEL EXPLOITATION ENGINEERING AND MAINTENANCE SUPPORT," awarded to HII Mission Technologies Corp. The award's obligation, funding office, period and subaward total are stated on the [Foreign Technology Division](/organizations/foreign-technology-division/) page. Radiance Technologies appears on the same award with eleven "TECHNICAL SERVICES" rows dated September 14, 2017 (subaward number DSC3104B, reported total $5,416,812.89).[^13]

### Missile and Space Intelligence Center

MTSI announced on September 2, 2026 a position on the [Defense Intelligence Agency](/organizations/defense-intelligence-agency/)'s Contract Operations for Missile Evaluation and Testing (COMET) vehicle. GovConWire reported that MTSI "said Wednesday it will support MSIC in delivering foundational military intelligence and scientific and technical intelligence on foreign weapon systems for DIA, the Department of War and national-level intelligence organizations." Robinson is quoted: "This work strengthens our nation's ability to understand and counter foreign weapon threats."[^14] The solicitation text and the awardee announcements are on the page for the [Missile and Space Intelligence Center](/organizations/missile-and-space-intelligence-center/).

### Other awards in federal records

USAspending lists the following among MTSI's larger awards (amounts are total obligations unless stated): General Services Administration order 47QFCA19F0067 under OASIS contract GS00Q14OADS721, awarded through the Federal Systems Integration and Management Center on September 18, 2019 and running to March 17, 2025, $386,142,022.69 obligated with a potential value of $403,430,846, described as "TO PROVIDE THE RSC-NCR WITH HIGH-QUALITY, RAPID RESPONSE, ENGINEERING, R&D, T&E, COLLECTION&ANALYSIS, LOGISTICS, TRAINING,&INTEGRATED PROF. SERV. TO DEVELOP&ANALYZE ADVANCED AIR WARFARE ISR COLLECTION&ADVANCED WEAPON SYSTEMS AND METHODS," with the funding office "F2QT04 363 ISR WG FM"; order 47QFSA25F0011, "THE OBJECTIVE OF THE ARCWERX ARTEMIS ACQUISITION IS TO PROVIDE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT, INNOVATIVE R&D, SW DEVELOPMENT, DIGITAL ENGINEERING, AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE SYSTEMS INTEGRATION AND TESTING, MISSION CONCEPTS OF OPERATION, AND TRAINING," signed December 16, 2024, $219,496,406.81 obligated against a potential $750,078,700; order 47QFMA24F0023, "DIGITAL BLOODHOUND," signed July 30, 2024, $129,947,920.51 obligated against a potential $639,098,292.02, with the funding office "F2TS3A SMC RN"; Space Systems Command contract FA880625CB001, "TO PROTOTYPE AND DELIVER PROCESSES FOR THE SPACE COMMAND AND CONTROL MISSION AREA WITHIN BATTLE MANAGEMENT COMMAND, CONTROL, AND COMMUNICATIONS EXECUTIVE PORTFOLIO," signed January 10, 2025, $112,384,007.68 obligated against a potential $232,359,755.21; and Missile Defense Agency contracts HQ014718C0003 ("SPECIALTY ENGINEERING," $124,875,814.28, 2017 to 2023) and HQ086020C0006 ("R&D CONCEPTS AND PERFORMANCE LAB (CAPL)," $55,481,647.71, September 17, 2020 to September 16, 2026).[^15]

Three successive orders carry the title "Special Programs Division" support: GST0512BM0078 (signed June 4, 2012; "TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EXPERTISE TO SUPPORT THE SPECIAL PROGRAMS DIVISION ASC WNJ"; $20,035,810.89), 47QFLA20F0090 (signed March 25, 2020; "AWARD OF TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR AFLCMC/WWG"; $27,707,420) and 47QFLA26F0021 (signed April 16, 2026; "TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EXPERTISE TO SUPPORT THE SPECIAL PROGRAMS DIVISION AFLCMCWAG"; $23,214,194.70 obligated against a potential $226,537,939.54 through May 14, 2031, funded by the Air Force Life Cycle Management Center office "F4FDBX AFLCMC XP OZ" under GSA contract 47QRAA20D0036).[^15]

The company's November 21, 2024 announcement states that the Air Force placed MTSI on the $33.16 billion Information Analysis Center multiple-award contract, Pool 1, and quotes Robinson: "We have a long history as a subcontractor on IAC MAC."[^16]

### Sole-source order under the ESOP pilot

General Services Administration order 47QFSA26F0035 to MTSI was signed September 8, 2026 with a period of performance beginning September 15, 2026, under OASIS+ indefinite-delivery contract 47QRCA25DU655 (awarded to MTSI on April 15, 2025). Its description reads: "MODERNIZATION & ENGINEERING SUPPORT (MES III) RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT EFFORT FOR AIR NATIONAL GUARD RESERVE COMMAND TEST CENTER  STATUTORY AUTHORITY: EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN PILOT PROGRAM AUTHORIZED BY SEC 874 OF FY22 NDAA & SEC 872 OF FY24 NDAA." Obligated funds are $14,619,921.14 against a potential value of $152,786,536.43 through March 14, 2032; the contract type is time and materials, one offer was received, and the record codes the competition as "FULL AND OPEN COMPETITION" and "SUBJECT TO MULTIPLE AWARD FAIR OPPORTUNITY." The funding office is listed as "162 FW AATC CORMIER."[^4]

Radiance Technologies, which also announced a COMET position, received Defense Logistics Agency contract SPRRA226C0009 (awarded April 10, 2026, $149,683,593.02, for the Reagan Test Site) as a sole-source award under the same employee-ownership pilot; see Radiance Technologies and [DoD ESOP Pilot Program](/concepts/dod-esop-pilot-program/).[^17]

The same funding office appears on the two earlier orders for modernization and engineering support: Army order W9133L16F0027 ("MODERNIZATION AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT," signed July 25, 2016, awarded by the Army National Guard Readiness Center, $41,288,734.96, to July 26, 2021) and GSA order 47QFSA21F0098 ("MODERNIZATION AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT II - MES II," signed July 23, 2021, $74,766,753.59 obligated against a potential $97,651,727.90, performance to January 26, 2027, under OASIS contract GS00Q14OADS721).[^4] On October 2, 2026 GovConWire reported that MTSI "said Wednesday it received the order from the General Services Administration's Assisted Acquisition Services," that the order is for "testing and integration on Guard and Reserve aircraft and mission systems," with supported areas including "Joint Terminal Attack Controller and special warfare capabilities; command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems; domestic operations; cybersecurity; logistics software; and test process training," and quoted Vance Drenkhahn, executive vice president of MTSI's defense services division, on the company's work with "the Air National Guard Air Force Reserve Command Test Center, or AATC."[^18] The authority is described on DoD ESOP Pilot Program; the Roundtable podcast of October 21, 2023 gives Matt Pearce's account of the Roundtable's request that the pilot reach Defense Department contracts placed through General Services Administration vehicles.[^19]

Venn Strategies, the lobbying registrant for the [Employee-Owned Contractors Roundtable](/organizations/employee-owned-contractors-roundtable/), listed Modern Technology Solutions among the "affiliated organizations" on its Roundtable reports for the first, second and fourth quarters of 2019 (amended reports filed December 4, 2020), the first and third quarters of 2020 (amended, December 2, 2020), the fourth quarter of 2020, the first through third quarters of 2021, the second quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023. The Roundtable's reports for 2021 give as their issue "Promoting ESOP related small business procurement policies as part of the FY2022 National Defense Authorization Act to provide incentives for 100% employee-owned businesses in federal contracting."[^20]

[^1]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "Our Founders," mtsi-va.com, as captured by the Internet Archive August 4, 2014. http://web.archive.org/web/20140804032532/http://www.mtsi-va.com:80/about-mtsi/employees/founders/
[^2]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., staff pages "Phil Soucy" and "Tom McMahan," mtsi-va.com, as captured by the Internet Archive June 23, 2017 and May 30, 2017. http://web.archive.org/web/20170623220125/http://www.mtsi-va.com:80/staff-view/phil-soucy/ ; http://web.archive.org/web/20170530185033/http://www.mtsi-va.com:80/staff-view/tom-mcmahan/
[^3]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "Modern Technology Solutions, Inc CEO Announcement," February 10, 2014, mtsi-va.com. https://www.mtsi-va.com/modern-technology-solutions-inc-ceo-announcement/
[^4]: USAspending.gov, awards CONT_AWD_47QFSA26F0035_4732_47QRCA25DU655_4732 (MES III), 47QFSA21F0098 (MES II) and W9133L16F0027, recipient location and funding-office fields, retrieved October 4, 2026. https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/awards/CONT_AWD_47QFSA26F0035_4732_47QRCA25DU655_4732/
[^5]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust, Form 5500 filings and audited financial statements for plan years 2017, 2019 and 2024 (ACK_IDs 20181005091433P030241913137001, 20200729085504NAL0007643569001, 20250731124747NAL0006072289001) and the U.S. Department of Labor Form 5500 bulk data sets for plan years 2017 to 2024. https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ebsa/about-ebsa/our-activities/public-disclosure/foia/form-5500-datasets
[^6]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust, Form 5500 (plan 003, EIN 54-1670018) with audited financial statements, plan year 2024, filed July 31, 2025, notes 1, 5, 6 and 7 (ACK_ID 20250731124747NAL0006072289001). https://efast2-filings-public.s3.amazonaws.com/prd/2025/07/31/20250731124747NAL0006072289001.pdf
[^7]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. is now 100% Employee Owned: MTSI Fulfills ESOP Promise Ahead of Schedule," May 2, 2017, mtsi-va.com. http://web.archive.org/web/20170719201505/http://www.mtsi-va.com:80/modern-technology-solutions-inc-is-now-100-employee-owned/
[^8]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "Modern Technology Solutions Inc., (MTSI) Awarded $5B NASIC S&TI Analytic Capability Support (NOVASTAR) IDIQ Contract," August 19, 2022, mtsi-va.com. https://www.mtsi-va.com/modern-technology-solutions-inc-mtsi-awarded-5b-nasic-sti-analytic-capability-support-novastar-idiq-contract/
[^9]: USAspending.gov, awards to Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. with keywords "NOVASTAR" and "NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE INTELLIGENCE" (FA860422FB357, FA860423FB048, FA860423FB055, FA860423FB162, FA860423FB335, FA860423FB383, FA860423FB463, FA860423FB472, FA860424FB099) and award CONT_IDV_FA860422DB007_9700 (NOVASTAR), retrieved October 4, 2026. https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/awards/CONT_IDV_FA860422DB007_9700/
[^10]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "NASIC Awards First Two S&TI Analytic Capability Support (NOVASTAR) IDIQ Contract Task Orders to MTSI and Team," February 16, 2023, mtsi-va.com. https://www.mtsi-va.com/nasic-awards-first-two-sti-analytic-capability-support-novastar-idiq-contract-task-orders-to-mtsi-and-team/
[^11]: USAspending.gov, IDV CONT_IDV_FA860422DB007_9700 and child-award list (21 orders), retrieved October 4, 2026. https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/awards/CONT_IDV_FA860422DB007_9700/
[^12]: USAspending.gov, subawards for NOVASTAR orders under FA860422DB007, retrieved October 4, 2026 (orders FA860425FB121 and FA860425FB203). https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/subawards/
[^13]: USAspending.gov, award CONT_AWD_GS05T13BMC0003_4732_-NONE-_-NONE- and its 373 subaward rows. https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/awards/CONT_AWD_GS05T13BMC0003_4732_-NONE-_-NONE-/
[^14]: Jane Edwards, "MTSI Wins Spot on DIA COMET Missile & Space Intel Support Contract," GovConWire, September 3, 2026. https://www.govconwire.com/articles/mtsi-dia-comet-missile-space-intel-contract-spot
[^15]: USAspending.gov, awards to Modern Technology Solutions, Inc. by obligated amount, 47QFCA19F0067, 47QFSA25F0011, 47QFMA24F0023, FA880625CB001, HQ014718C0003, HQ086020C0006, GST0512BM0078, 47QFLA20F0090 and 47QFLA26F0021, retrieved October 4, 2026. https://api.usaspending.gov/api/v2/search/spending_by_award/
[^16]: Modern Technology Solutions, Inc., "Air Force Awards $33.16 Billion Research and Development Contract," November 21, 2024, mtsi-va.com. https://www.mtsi-va.com/air-force-awards-33-16-billion-research-and-development-contract/
[^17]: SAM.gov, "Award Notice to Radiance Technologies" (SPRRA226C0009). https://sam.gov/opp/3e1690a8ce514f1680c451b320a3ecf5/view
[^18]: Arthur McMiler, "MTSI Secures $153M Air Force Modernization & Engineering Support III Task Order," GovConWire, October 2, 2026. https://www.govconwire.com/articles/mtsi-air-force-mes-iii-task-order-guard-reserve-modernization
[^19]: Employee-Owned Contractors Roundtable, "About Us," 2026 Membership List, https://ecrcoalition.com/about-us/ ; Highlight Technologies, "Episode #36: Employee Ownership in Government Contracting," October 21, 2023, https://highlighttech.com/episode-36-employee-ownership-in-government-contracting/
[^20]: Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act database, Venn Strategies reports for the client Employee-Owned Contractors Roundtable, affiliated-organization fields: 2019 amended reports (c3cc1cc3-b62d-4912-8f2a-1b9860a8f9b1, 009b449c-7468-4a0f-8c46-3fe923a39cc6, 9d6729fd-6e52-4087-b25a-006844aa9593), 2020 amended reports (ec57a71a-f736-4605-95fb-9ce9451779af, 6e730121-4948-46c2-ae6e-ed2404fa568f), fourth-quarter 2020 (b82fc02a-0133-4a1b-afb8-8b6fa34bcfb8), 2021 first through third quarters (385d74d8-5048-4ac0-b5b2-7474540b730f, 6e6ed7db-5fb1-44d4-ba93-05aaeefc5cbd, c94c47aa-b819-4f8b-9823-abc581d48539), second-quarter 2022 (f51307b7-af85-4cc1-9fa8-835333337351) and first-quarter 2023 (a15d3709-503a-4420-9d86-b1417e132890). https://lda.gov/api/v1/filings/?client_name=Employee-Owned+Contractors+Roundtable