--- aliases: - Martin Ebon - Hans Martin Schwarz - Hans Martin Schwartz - Ebon, Martin born: 1917-05-27 category: Authors & Journalists created: 2026-10-09 died: 2006-02-11 location: Hamburg, Germany relations: - end: 1943 fn: 4 role: Managing editor, Foreign Language Division start: 1943 type: employed_by with: '[[Overseas News Agency]]' - end: 1945 fn: 4 role: Staff member; chief, Foreign News Section, Overseas News and Features Bureau start: 1943 type: employed_by with: '[[Office of War Information]]' - end: 1953 fn: 10 role: Radio information specialist (GS-11); chief, Pakistan unit (GS-13); director of Vietnamese, Indonesian, Hindi and Urdu language units start: 1950 type: employed_by with: '[[Voice of America]]' - end: 1953 fn: 16 role: Account executive start: 1952 type: employed_by with: '[[Hill and Knowlton]]' - end: 1965 fn: 18 role: Administrative secretary start: 1953 type: employed_by with: '[[Parapsychology Foundation]]' - end: 1965 fn: 17 role: Administrative secretary to the founder start: 1953 type: reported_to with: '[[Eileen Garrett]]' - fn: 21 role: Managing editor start: 1955 type: employed_by with: '[[Tomorrow (magazine)]]' - end: 1968 fn: 25 role: 'Lecturer, Division of Social Sciences; lecture series Parapsychology: From Magic to Science' start: 1966 type: employed_by with: '[[New School for Social Research]]' - fn: 29 role: Chairman start: 1971 type: director_of with: '[[Survival Research Foundation]]' - end: 1984 fn: 45 role: Panelist, Psychic Arms Race session, Stanford University conference start: 1984 type: participant_in with: '[[Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal]]' summary: Martin Ebon, a wartime and Voice of America information officer, became administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation and wrote Psychic Warfare (1983). tags: - Parapsychology - Psi - SovietAffairs - ColdWar - InformationAgency - VoiceOfAmerica - ParapsychologyFoundation - PsychicWarfare - SurvivalResearch - NewSchool updated: 2026-10-09 --- Martin Ebon was the pen name of Hans Martin Schwarz, a journalist and author born in Hamburg on May 27, 1917.[^1] He served in the [Office of War Information](/organizations/office-of-war-information/) and the [United States Department of State](/organizations/state-department/) information program, directed language units of the Voice of America in New York in 1950 and after, and from 1953 was administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation under [Eileen Garrett](/people/eileen-garrett/). He wrote books on Soviet affairs and on parapsychology, among them *Psychic Warfare: Threat or Illusion?* (1983).[^2] ### Early life and emigration Schwarz wrote for German-Jewish periodicals during the 1930s, chiefly the Israelitisches Familienblatt, and the Leo Baeck Institute holds clippings of his articles from 1934 to 1938 and reviews of two of his books.[^1] A 1948 biographical entry gives his birth in Hamburg to Julius and Martha Ebon, study at the University of Hamburg and at the Hochschule fuer Politik in Berlin, and a journalistic apprenticeship in Berlin in 1934.[^3] A reference work on emigrants lists his father Julius as a manufacturer, his mother as Martha Ludwig, and a sibling named Ellie, with the parents arriving in the United States in 1941 and Ellie in 1940.[^4] He emigrated to the United States in 1938 and was naturalized in 1945.[^3] The 1948 entry lists him as unmarried.[^3] In 1949 he married Chariklia S. Baltazzi; their son was Andrew Richard.[^4] ### Overseas News Agency, Office of War Information and Department of State In 1941 and 1942 Ebon was a contributing correspondent of the Christian Science Monitor.[^3] The 1948 entry lists him as managing editor of the Foreign Language Division of the Overseas News Agency in 1943, and a 1945 contributor note in *Free World* describes him as a staff member of that agency who also acted as managing editor of its Foreign Language Division.[^3][^5] The emigrant reference work gives the same post.[^4] From 1943 to 1945 he was on the staff of the Office of War Information, as chief of its basic news intelligence desk in 1943 and then as chief of the Foreign News Section of its Overseas News and Features Bureau.[^3] The Overseas News and Features Bureau was a subgroup of the New York Office of the Overseas Operations Branch, whose records are in the National Archives under Record Group 208, subgroup 208.5 (1930 to 1951), including the News and Features Bureau's records at 208.5.2.[^6] Contributor notes of 1946 and 1948 describe him as having served with the Department of State as an information officer, and as a staff member of the Foreign Policy Association.[^7] His 1948 entry gives his office address as the Partisan Review, 1545 Broadway, New York.[^3] In 1948 Whittlesey House, the trade imprint of McGraw-Hill, published his *World Communism Today*, a country-by-country reference work; its acknowledgment states that data had been obtained from government officials and from functionaries of Communist parties in all parts of the world.[^8] Two 1948 articles, "World Communism Has Passed Its Peak" and "The New Communist Internationals," appeared under his name.[^3] The *American Mercury* note for the second describes him as the author of *World Communism Today* and as having worked for the State Department, the Office of War Information and the Foreign Policy Association.[^9] A 1948 contributor note in the *Middle East Journal* describes him as a member of the faculty of the [New School for Social Research](/organizations/new-school-for-social-research/).[^10] ### Voice of America The Department of State's *Biographic Register* records that Ebon, born May 27, 1917, was appointed radio information specialist (GS-11) in the Department of State on August 31, 1950, and became chief of the Pakistan unit (GS-13) on June 10, 1951; the entry in the supplement of April 1, 1952 carries the office symbol IBS, the International Broadcasting Service that operated the Voice of America.[^10][^11] Ebon's own account places him in the fall of 1950 "in a half-empty office at the Voice of America in New York," surrounded by books, files and clippings on Indochina, newly appointed to direct the new Vietnamese-language unit of the agency's short-wave and medium-wave broadcasts. He had earlier directed the agency's broadcasts to Indonesia and later was put in charge of the Hindi and Urdu units, which transmitted to India and Pakistan. His research on Vietnamese religious tendencies led him to the Cao Dai movement and to its veneration of Victor Hugo among its saints, which became the subject of his introduction to a later edition of Hugo's table-rapping transcripts.[^12] The biographical notes in Ebon's books state that he served with the Office of War Information in World War II, was subsequently on the staff of the Foreign Policy Association, and was with the [United States Information Agency](/organizations/united-states-information-agency/) during the Korean War.[^13] A directory entry lists him as information officer of the United States Information Agency from 1950 to 1952.[^14] His *Malenkov: Stalin's Successor* (McGraw-Hill, 1953), a study of Georgy Malenkov with an introduction by Harry Schwartz, acknowledges the research report on Malenkov by Lazar Pistrak of the Voice of America staff and is dedicated to 23,000 Greek children abducted by Communist guerrillas in 1948.[^15] In the 1953 House Appropriations hearings on a supplemental bill, a section titled "Reduction in force in New York broadcasting office" reproduces a table headed "Name, Title, Grade, Salary, Reason" for the New York offices of the International Broadcasting Service, with reasons that include reduction in force, resignation and death. Martin Ebon is among the names listed for the service.[^16] ### Hill and Knowlton The emigrant reference work lists Ebon as an account executive of the public relations firm Hill and Knowlton from 1950 to 1952, and a writers' directory lists the same post for 1952 to 1953.[^4][^14] The latter places his administrative secretaryship at the Parapsychology Foundation from 1953.[^14] ### Parapsychology Foundation Records differ on the dates of Ebon's work for the Parapsychology Foundation. The [Skeptical Inquirer](/organizations/skeptical-inquirer/) biography gives administrative secretary from 1953 to 1965.[^17] The emigrant reference work gives administrative secretary and editor from 1953 to 1965, with the managing editorship of *Tomorrow* from 1953 to 1962 and a place on the editorial board of *International Reports* from 1959 to 1965.[^4] A book biography of 1974 gives administrative secretary from 1953 to 1962, managing editor of *Tomorrow* from 1953 to 1965 and of the *International Journal of Parapsychology* from 1959 to 1962.[^18] A 1998 edition of Hugo's transcripts describes him as having served for twelve years as administrative secretary.[^12] A writers' directory gives administrative secretary from 1953 to 1959 and executive editor of the *International Journal of Parapsychology* from 1959 to 1965, a member of the editorial board of *International Reports* from 1960 to 1967, president of Lombard Associates, Inc. of New York from 1962 to 1982, and consulting editor of the New American Library from 1966 to 1985.[^14] The Occult World biography dates the post from 1954 and describes him as working with the founder, Eileen Garrett.[^19] H. P. Albarelli Jr. wrote that one former CIA official had reported that the writings of Ebon on parapsychology and the paranormal were of special interest to the [Central Intelligence Agency](/organizations/central-intelligence-agency/), and that many of Ebon's books originated in studies conducted by the CIA's Security Research Staff and Technical Services Staff; the official is not named.[^20] ### Tomorrow magazine The summer 1955 issue of *Tomorrow*, a quarterly review of psychical research published in New York by Garrett Publications, names Garrett as editor-publisher and Ebon as managing editor.[^21] The masthead of volume 4 (1956) lists Garrett as editor-publisher, Ebon as managing editor, Lenore Davison as assistant to the publisher and Lester Buckland as circulation and business manager, at 500 Fifth Avenue, New York.[^22] The masthead of volume 9 (1961) lists Ebon as managing editor with Garrett as editor.[^23] ### New School for Social Research A directory of writers lists Ebon as lecturer in the Division of Social Sciences of the New School for Social Research in 1949 and 1950, 1955 and 1956, and 1967.[^14] The jacket notes of his 1967 *Beyond Space and Time* and the Associated Press and newspaper notices of his *Svetlana* in 1967 describe him as a member of the faculty.[^24] The biography in *Psychic Exploration* (1974) states that he conducted a lecture series at the school titled "Parapsychology: From Magic to Science" from 1966 to 1968.[^25] The school's own archives hold, in the records of the Adult Division Office of the Dean, a 1975 file titled "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship," regarding a scholarship to take a New School course in parapsychology.[^26] A 1975 directory of parapsychology research and teaching lists under the New School an entry naming [Robert M. Brier](/people/robert-m-brier/), Ebon and [Gilbert Roller](/people/gilbert-roller/), with the address 66 West 12th Street, New York; it lists Brier in the philosophy department of C.W. Post College.[^27] The school's *Bulletin* for the spring 1975 semester (volume 32, number 5, dated December 27, 1974) lists a course "Experimental Parapsychology," taught by Bob Brier on Wednesdays from February 5, and a course "Paramechanics: A Study of Paranormal Psychical Phenomena," taught by Gilbert Roller on Tuesdays from February 4, each at $90.[^28] The bulletin's faculty biography of Brier gives a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina, a research fellowship at the Institute for Parapsychology, an associate professorship of philosophy at C.W. Post College, membership in the Parapsychological Association, and editorship with [J. B. Rhine](/people/j-b-rhine/) of *Parapsychology Today*.[^28] The bulletin's index does not list Ebon.[^28] The same bulletin's faculty biography of Gilbert Roller states that he conducted investigations into paranormal phenomena, particularly physical manifestations, and was a faculty member of the Fashion Institute of Technology, president of Hepworth Films Corp. and of IFE Corp., a director of Opti-Sound Corp., and a member of the [American Society for Psychical Research](/organizations/american-society-for-psychical-research/) and the American Academy of Parapsychology and Medicine.[^28] *Parapsychology Review* reported that Gilbert Roller was teaching a course introducing the most controversial aspects of paranormal phenomena, among them telekinesis, poltergeists and ectoplasmia.[^29] A Gilbert Roller, described as a retired television producer and writer, was with Leonard Lauer one of the core members of the Bindelof séance circle that began in 1929 and produced table movement, levitations and raps; that Roller later worked as an artist, writer, filmmaker and television producer and died in 2004 aged 89.[^30] The New School's Gilbert Roller and the Bindelof circle's Gilbert Roller are the same man. Roller's own 1975 book, *A Voice From Beyond*, prints in one author biography the New School course in paramechanics, his career in television and motion-picture production, a childhood poltergeist, his mother's séances and a teenage group of friends who "held séances regularly for about two years."[^31] Rosemarie Pilkington, author of *The Spirit of Dr. Bindelof*, wrote in 2007 that she "knew Gil Roller for more than 30 years" and called the first part of her book an account of "Gil Roller's and the Bindelof group's extraordinary experiences."[^32] The book's publisher describes it as "Gilbert Roller's utterly charming and disarming auto-biographical account of a group of teenagers."[^33] ### Survival Research Foundation In September 1971 the psychic and author Susy Smith established the Survival Research Foundation in Tucson, Arizona, with Ebon as chairman and eleven other trustees. The foundation's stated aim was to conduct, subsidize and assist in procuring scientific evidence of conscious survival of the human soul or spirit after death.[^34] The index of *Parapsychology Review* records "Survival Research Foundation established" in the first issue of its volume, at page 28, and a report in the same volume of a lecture by Ebon titled "Can $300,000 Prove Life after Death," which took as its starting point the will of the gold prospector James Kidd.[^35] ### Psychic Warfare: Threat or Illusion? McGraw-Hill published *Psychic Warfare: Threat or Illusion?* in New York in 1983.[^2] The book has nineteen chapters: "Moscow, June 11, 1977" (page 1), "Would Marx Approve?" (12), "The Great Nautilus Hoax" (22), "Amplified Mind Power" (33), "The Tragedy of Edward Naumov" (45), "If Thoughts Can Kill" (63), "Code by Telepathy" (79), "The Skin Readers" (88), "They Call It Psychotronics" (98), "Secrets, Rumors, Speculations" (110), "Boosting the Human Brain" (121), "The Novosibirsk Connection" (132), "Dzhuna the Healer" (141), "The KGB Takes Control" (151), "An Astronaut Speaks Out" (165), "The View from Menlo Park" (176), "Washington's Dilemma" (188), "Threat or Illusion?" (199) and "The Century of Fear." Appendixes follow, one of them an "Outline of CIA Project on ESP" reprinted at pages 256 to 260, with a bibliography of English-language literature on Soviet and United States government efforts in parapsychology compiled by Marcello Truzzi.[^36] Chapter 3 reports the 1960 French story of telepathy experiments with the nuclear submarine [Nautilus](/programs/the-nautilus-telepathy-project/), with a 1980 conversation with Gérard Messadié of *Science et Vie* and an account of [Jacques Bergier](/people/jacques-bergier/) (pages 22 to 31), and states that the Navy and Westinghouse statements on the reports were published in the newsletter of the Parapsychology Foundation.[^37] In the book's account the Soviet drive in parapsychology followed the Nautilus reports.[^37] Chapter 17 reports the congressional report on parapsychology (pages 188 to 190); a *Fate* article of July 1981 by Randy Fitzgerald on CIA memoranda on ESP obtained under the Freedom of Information Act, including a document of April 9, 1952 on whether ESP capabilities are affected by drugs, and Fitzgerald's reference to Project Artichoke and MKULTRA (page 191); and the statements of [Victor Marchetti](/people/victor-marchetti/) that the agency had become "involved with mediums" and that "They began to contact our own dead agents, as well as dead agents from the other side," with Oleg Penkovsky as the example (pages 193 and 194).[^38] Ebon wrote that the CIA could not openly back major parapsychology research for fear of the accusation of financing "a bunch of psychic kooks," and that the agency had ordered and received a status report on Soviet parapsychology from a private California corporation (page 210).[^39] The book's appendix reprints an "Outline of CIA Project on ESP," introduced as text "released by the Central Intelligence Agency under the Freedom of Information Act" in 1981 that deals with a twofold project to examine the potential use of extrasensory perception for "practical problems of intelligence"; Ebon notes that there are "no indications whether the project was actually undertaken" (pages 257 to 260).[^40] Ebon's chapter on the Soviet microwave bombardment of the United States embassy in [Moscow](/places/moscow/) states two hypotheses, one that the beams served to defeat Soviet listening devices or jam American electronic eavesdropping, and another that they were used to change minds; he wrote that the possibility of [Jimmy Carter](/people/jimmy-carter/) having been subjected to some esoteric form of mind manipulation at the Vienna summit with Leonid Brezhnev on SALT II could not be ruled out (pages 118, 119 and 129).[^41] Chapter 16 reports the remote-viewing experiments of [Hal Puthoff](/people/hal-puthoff/), [Russell Targ](/people/russell-targ/) and [Edwin May](/people/edwin-may/) at [SRI International](/organizations/stanford-research-institute/), including trials with [Hella Hammid](/people/hella-hammid/) (pages 176 to 187); chapter 15 reports the Apollo 14 ESP experiment of Capt. [Edgar Mitchell](/people/edgar-mitchell/) (pages 172 to 174), and the book quotes at length the appendix "The New Mental Battlefield" by Lt. Col. [John B. Alexander](/people/john-b-alexander/) to a 1981 Army study (pages 15 and 108).[^42] ### Reception in the military and intelligence record The Associated Press reported on November 6, 1983 that a U.S. Army study had found "significant progress" by the Soviet Union toward psychic weapons, as disclosed in Ebon's book, and described him as a New York-based professional writer specializing in Soviet affairs.[^43] The *New York Times* of January 10, 1984 reviewed the book among three reports on Pentagon psychic research and reported that, by one of them, President Carter ordered the CIA in 1977 to review psychic research behind the Iron Curtain.[^44] A review of the book by Michael S. Evancevich, U.S. Army, Retired, in *Military Intelligence* states that it contains strong evidence that the military, scientific and intelligence communities of both superpowers had been making zealous attempts to harness the mind, and summarizes Ebon's account of CIA experiments using persons with keen psychic gifts to contact agents who had died on operational missions, citing Penkovsky.[^45] In the "Psychic Arms Race" session at the conference of the [Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal](/organizations/committee-for-the-scientific-investigation-of-claims-of-the-paranormal/) at [Stanford University](/organizations/stanford-university/) on November 9 and 10, 1984, Ebon took part; he also wrote "Psychic Studies: The Soviet Dilemma" for the *Skeptical Inquirer* (winter 1985/1986).[^17] On the *MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour* of November 13, 1984 he appeared from San Francisco opposite [Paul Kurtz](/people/paul-kurtz/), was introduced as the only "true believer" to emerge from the conference, and said of the remote-viewing hypothesis that "I think that is much more fundamentally correct" and of the phrase psychic arms race that it was "a sort of tabloid sensationalism."[^46] An ABC *Nightline* segment of February 15, 1984 identified him as a "Soviet specialist" and presented him on the 1960 Nautilus story as a hoax, after a quotation from a 1952 CIA memorandum on using high-ESP individuals on intelligence problems; a Science Applications International Corporation video log lists Ebon, Kurtz and Hammid among the segment's speakers.[^47] The Air War College research report "Psychic Warfare: Exploring the Mind Frontier" (May 1988) states that Capt. Mitchell commented in an early 1980s interview with Ebon, and that Ebon cites the Defense Intelligence Agency report *Controlled Offensive Behavior: USSR*, which McKelvy states was declassified eight years ahead of schedule.[^48] A 1992 Defense Intelligence College thesis by Michael E. Zarbo cites the book for the microwave hypothesis, the Carter passage, a comparison with Alexander's views on remote viewing, and the sentence on page 219.[^49] ### After Psychic Warfare On August 5, 1984 Ebon wrote to John McMahon, Deputy Director of the CIA, enclosing the outline of his projected book *The Soviet Propaganda Machine*, for McGraw-Hill, listing his earlier books (*The Andropov File* and *Psychic Warfare* the year before, *World Communism Today* "after leaving the Office of War Information," *Malenkov*, biographies of Svetlana and Lin Piao, and *Che: The Making of a Legend*), stating that he would not request material under the Freedom of Information Act, and asking whether the interagency committee on Soviet "active measures" could provide guidance. On August 16, 1984 George V. Lauder, the CIA's Director of Public Affairs, replied that the agency had no unclassified material beyond what was available at the United States Information Agency or the Department of State, and referred him to Herbert Romerstein, Assistant to the Associate Director for Plans at the United States Information Agency.[^50] *The Andropov File* (McGraw-Hill, 1983) concerned Yuri Andropov; *The Soviet Propaganda Machine* (McGraw-Hill, 1987) was published and later cited in U.S. Army professional journals on Soviet active measures; a book on [Nikita Khrushchev](/people/nikita-khrushchev/) appeared in 1986, and *KGB: Death and Rebirth* in 1994.[^51] *Svetlana: The Story of Stalin's Daughter* (New American Library, 1967) was excerpted in newspapers; in 1967 an AP dispatch from Moscow reported a Soviet magazine's charge that the CIA ghost-wrote the memoirs of Svetlana Alliluyeva, and added that those memoirs were not to be confused with Ebon's book.[^52] *Lin Piao: The Life and Writings of China's New Ruler* was published by Stein and Day in 1970.[^53] Ebon edited *The Signet Handbook of Parapsychology* (New American Library, 1978), whose chapters, among them Hal Puthoff and Russell Targ on remote viewing and Montague Ullman and Stanley Krippner on experimental dream studies, were cited in later Defense Department and Army research reports.[^54] His New American Library paperbacks run from *Beyond Time and Space* (1967) through *Witchcraft Today* (1971) and include *Test Your ESP*, *They Knew the Unknown* and *Psychic Discoveries of the Russians* (1971).[^55] ### Writing on Soviet and Chinese parapsychology Two Ebon articles in the *Parapsychology Review*, "Peking Journal Denounces Telepathy Studies" (November-December 1975) and "Parapsychology in Contemporary China" (September-October 1981), are cited in a 1982 Defense Intelligence Agency-funded report on psychoenergetics research in the People's Republic of China.[^56] Marcello Truzzi called Ebon an "astute China watcher" in *Omni*.[^57] A CIA summary of Soviet parapsychology cites Ebon's *Psi in the USSR: Religion Without a Cross*, which dates psi research in Russia to before the 1917 revolution and describes a telepathy experiment in Tashkent around 1870.[^58] Ebon was among those who congratulated Hans Bender on a bibliography of his writings published with a 1987 special issue marking Bender's eightieth birthday.[^59] ### Citations in the STARGATE record Ebon's works recur in the bibliographies that Defense Intelligence Agency programs and their contractors compiled on psychic research. A 1990 DIA bibliographic database on psychoenergetics lists his 1974 chapter "A history of parapsychology," from *Psychic Exploration*.[^60] A 1991 anthology compiled by Science Applications International Corporation cites the same chapter and lists the New School for Social Research among the colleges and universities pursuing parapsychology.[^61] A 1991 report by Edwin May and S. LaBerge on anomalous cognition in lucid dreams cites the 1978 *Signet Handbook* chapter by Ullman and Krippner.[^62] The CREST file of the STARGATE collection also holds printouts of the Associated Press, *New York Times* and *MacNeil/Lehrer* items on *Psychic Warfare*.[^63] ### Later life and death John Chambers, translator of Hugo's transcripts, thanks Ebon as mentor, benefactor and friend.[^64] Ebon died on February 11, 2006; the Leo Baeck Institute's note places his death in New York.[^1] [^1]: Leo Baeck Institute, "Hans Martin Schwarz Collection," AR 25064, biographical note and scope and content note, Center for Jewish History ArchivesSpace. https://archives.cjh.org/repositories/5/resources/13647 (captured 2021 at https://web.archive.org/web/2021/https://archives.cjh.org/repositories/5/resources/13647) [^2]: Martin Ebon, *Psychic Warfare: Threat or Illusion?* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), copyright page and contents. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^3]: *Who's Who in America*, 1948 edition, p. 178, entry "Ebon, Martin, author, lecturer on world affairs" (born May 27, 1917, Hamburg; son of Julius and Martha Ebon; Hochschule fuer Politik; came to America 1938, naturalized 1945; managing editor, Foreign Language Division, Overseas News Agency, 1943; staff of Office of War Information 1943-45; "World Communism Has Passed Its Peak" and "The New Communist Internationals," 1948; office, Partisan Review, 1545 Broadway). https://books.google.com/books?id=paYSAAAAIAAJ [^4]: *Biographisches Handbuch der deutschsprachigen Emigration nach 1933*, vol. 2, *The Arts, Sciences, and Literature* (Munich: K. G. Saur, 1983; reprint Berlin: De Gruyter, 2014), p. 233, entry "Ebon, Martin." https://books.google.com/books?id=fNKJDwAAQBAJ [^5]: *Free World* (New York), 1945, contributor note on Martin Ebon. https://books.google.com/books?id=gKe0AAAAMAAJ [^6]: National Archives and Records Administration, Guide to Federal Records, Record Group 208, administrative history and subgroups 208.5 and 208.5.2 (Records of the New York Office, Overseas Operations Branch, 1930 to 1951). https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/208.html [^7]: *Forum* (1946), contributor note (member of the staff of the Foreign Policy Association; served recently with the Department of State as an information officer and, during the war, as chief of the Foreign News Section of the Office of War Information). https://books.google.com/books?id=POsZAAAAMAAJ. *The Middle East Journal* (1948), contributor note to "Communist Tactics in Palestine" (member of the faculty of the New School of Social Research; chief of the Foreign News Section, Overseas News and Features Bureau, Office of War Information; since served with the Department of State). https://books.google.com/books?id=icIsAQAAIAAJ [^8]: Martin Ebon, *World Communism Today* (New York: Whittlesey House, McGraw-Hill, 1948), title page, copyright page and acknowledgment. https://archive.org/details/worldcommunismto00ebon [^9]: *The American Mercury* (1948), contributor note to Martin Ebon, "The New Communist Internationals." https://books.google.com/books?id=N40qAAAAMAAJ [^10]: *Middle East Journal*, 1948, contributor note, as cited in note 6. U.S. Department of State, *Biographic Register*, supplement of April 1, 1953 (Publication 5056), entry "Ebon, Martin." https://archive.org/details/biographicregist1953wash [^11]: U.S. Department of State, *Biographic Register*, supplement of April 1, 1952, entry "Ebon, Martin ... app. radio info. specialist, GS-11, Dept. of State, Aug. 31, 1950; chief, Pakistan unit, GS-13, June 10, 1951.; office symbol IBS." https://archive.org/details/biographicregist1952wash [^12]: John Chambers, *Conversations with Eternity: Victor Hugo's Forgotten Masterwork* (Boca Raton: New Paradigm Books, 1998), introduction by Martin Ebon, "Victor the Grandiose," as reprinted in *Victor Hugo's Conversations with the Spirit World* (Rochester, Vt.: Destiny Books, 2008) and in the Spanish edition *Conversaciones con la eternidad* (Editorial Diana, 2002), pp. 1-2 and author notes. https://books.google.com/books?id=hFwoDwAAQBAJ and https://archive.org/details/conversaciones-con-la-eternidad-victor-hugo.-introduccion-martin-ebon [^13]: Martin Ebon, *The Andropov File* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), "About the Author"; *The Soviet Propaganda Machine* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987), "About the Author"; *KGB: Death and Rebirth* (1994), "About the Author." https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8IeAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com/books?id=5kIFAQAAIAAJ and https://books.google.com/books?id=UgoJAAAAMAAJ [^14]: *The Writer's Directory, 1998-2000* (Detroit: St. James Press, 1995), p. 424, entry "Ebon, Martin." https://books.google.com/books?id=AKgKAB3ClvwC [^15]: Martin Ebon, *Malenkov: Stalin's Successor* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1953), dedication, preface, acknowledgment and introduction by Harry Schwartz. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.183698 [^16]: U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Appropriations, *Supplemental Appropriation Bill, 1954*, hearings before subcommittees, 83d Cong., 1st sess. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1953), section "Reduction in Force in New York Broadcasting Office," pp. 656-665 (Ebon at p. 665). https://books.google.com/books?id=Lt3joDo0OXwC [^17]: Skeptical Inquirer, "Martin Ebon," author biography. https://skepticalinquirer.org/authors/martin-ebon/ [^18]: John White, ed., *Psychic Exploration: A Challenge for Science* (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1974), contributor note on Martin Ebon. https://books.google.com/books?id=MbbxpH5RCaAC [^19]: Occult World, "Martin Ebon," biography (captured 2021). https://web.archive.org/web/2021/https://occult-world.com/martin-ebon/ [^20]: H. P. Albarelli Jr., *A Terrible Mistake: The Murder of Frank Olson and the CIA's Secret Cold War Experiments* (Walterville, Ore.: Trine Day, 2009), p. 495. The former CIA official is not named. https://books.google.com/books?id=rUOdEQAAQBAJ [^21]: *Tomorrow: Quarterly Review of Psychical Research*, vol. 3, no. 4 (summer 1955), New York: Garrett Publications, editor-publisher Eileen J. Garrett, managing editor Martin Ebon. Eton College Collections, shelfmark Lee.4.12. https://catalogue.etoncollege.com/B21120 [^22]: *Tomorrow*, vol. 4, nos. 1-3 (1956), mastheads and statement of ownership. https://books.google.com/books?id=OHUPAQAAIAAJ [^23]: *Tomorrow*, vol. 9, nos. 2-3 (1961), mastheads and statement of ownership. https://books.google.com/books?id=8HAPAQAAIAAJ [^24]: Martin Ebon, *Beyond Space and Time: An ESP Casebook* (New York: New American Library, 1967), jacket note. https://books.google.com/books?id=lKGb7SLZtaIC. Associated Press dispatch, "Ghosted," Chicago Sun-Times, 1967, and the New American Library serial notice of *Svetlana*, CIA CREST, CIA-RDP88-01350R000200680022-6 and CIA-RDP75-00001R000400200004-8. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp88-01350r000200680022-6 [^25]: John White, ed., *Psychic Exploration*, contributor note, and Martin Ebon, "A History of Parapsychology" (the same volume, chapter 1). https://books.google.com/books?id=MbbxpH5RCaAC [^26]: The New School Archives and Special Collections, NS-02-01-01, New School Adult Division Office of the Dean records, Series 5, Office files, Awards and scholarships, Box 7, Folder 43, "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship, 1975." https://findingaids.archives.newschool.edu/ [^27]: Walter and Mary Jo Uphoff, *New Psychic Frontiers* (Minneapolis: Bolger Publications, 1975), chapter V, "Research, Investigation and Teaching: A Survey of the International Scene," p. 228 (C.W. Post College entry) and p. 229 (New School for Social Research entry). CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200230018-6. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001200230018-6 [^28]: New School for Social Research, *New School Bulletin*, spring 1975, vol. 32, no. 5 (December 27, 1974), published as *Announcement of Courses of Study*: course 2750-0 and Brier biography (pp. 88 and 328), course 2755-3 and Roller biography (pp. 88 and 356), index (pp. 383, 396, 399). https://books.google.com/books?id=Ez07AAAAMAAJ [^29]: *Parapsychology Review*, news item on a course taught by Gilbert Roller, and volume index entry "Roller, Gilbert, 6:10." https://books.google.com/books?id=sH8YAQAAMAAJ [^30]: *Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research* (2000), article on the Bindelof experience, list of participants. https://books.google.com/books?id=VndRAAAAYAAJ. Psi Encyclopedia, "Bindelof Phenomena," Society for Psychical Research. https://psi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk/articles/bindelof-phenomena/, drawing on Rosemarie Pilkington, *The Spirit of Dr. Bindelof: The Enigma of Séance Phenomena* (San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2006). [^31]: Gilbert Roller, *A Voice From Beyond* (New York: Popular Library, 1975), "About the Author," pp. 11-13. https://archive.org/details/a-voice-from-beyond [^32]: Rosemarie Pilkington, letter "Three-legged Physical mediumship," *Fortean Times* 226 (September 2007), pp. 73-74. https://archive.org/details/fortean-times-september-2007 [^33]: Anomalist Books, catalogue page for Rosemarie Pilkington, *The Spirit of Dr. Bindelof: The Enigma of Séance Phenomena* (trade paperback, 248 pages, ISBN 1933665130). https://www.anomalistbooks.com/book.cfm?id=51 [^34]: Walter and Mary Jo Uphoff, *New Psychic Frontiers* (Minneapolis: Bolger Publications, 1975), p. 235, entry for the Survival Research Foundation. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200230018-6. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001200230018-6 [^35]: *Parapsychology Review* (New York: Parapsychology Foundation), volume index and issues, entries "Survival Research Foundation established, 1:28" and the report of Ebon's lecture on the Kidd will. https://books.google.com/books?id=QXoYAQAAMAAJ [^36]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, contents, appendixes and bibliography (pp. 221-262). https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^37]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, chapter 3, "The Great Nautilus Hoax," pp. 22-31, and p. 208. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^38]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, chapter 17, "Washington's Dilemma," pp. 188-197. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^39]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, p. 210. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^40]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, appendix "Outline of CIA Project on ESP," pp. 257-260 (introductory note on p. 257; the book's index lists the reprinted project outline at 257-260). https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^41]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, pp. 118-119 and 128-129. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^42]: Ebon, *Psychic Warfare*, pp. 15, 108, 172-174, 176-187. https://books.google.com/books?id=fdShyTnpk9gC [^43]: Barton Reppert, "Study Cites Soviet Progress on Mind Weapons," Associated Press, November 6, 1983, and "U.S. Military Research: From War Games to Mind Games?", November 7, 1983. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00791R000200230033-6 and CIA-RDP96-00791R000200230030-9. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00791r000200230033-6 [^44]: William J. Broad, "Pentagon Is Said to Focus on ESP for Wartime Use," *New York Times*, January 10, 1984, sec. C, p. 1. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00791R000200230027-3. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00791r000200230027-3 [^45]: Michael S. Evancevich, review of Martin Ebon, *Psychic Warfare: Threat or Illusion?* (McGraw-Hill, 282 pages, $15.95), *Military Intelligence*. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200030002-5. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001200030002-5 [^46]: *The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour*, transcript no. 2382, November 13, 1984, segment "Psychic Warfare." CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00791R000200230022-8. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00791r000200230022-8 [^47]: *ABC News Nightline*, February 15, 1984, transcript. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP90-00552R000606540004-8 and CIA-RDP90-00806R000200970098-6. Science Applications International Corporation, letter of May 13, 1995 with video log entry "Night Line (ABC)," CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00791R000200190060-1, which dates the entry "approximately 1983." https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp90-00552r000606540004-8 [^48]: Dolan M. McKelvy, "Psychic Warfare: Exploring the Mind Frontier" (Air War College research report, Maxwell Air Force Base, May 1988). CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00789R001001420001-3. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00789r001001420001-3 [^49]: Michael E. Zarbo, "Remote Viewing: Parapsychological Potential for Intelligence Collection?" (Defense Intelligence College thesis, November 1992), pp. 23-24 and 52 and notes 17, 22, 32, 33, 60, 85. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00789R002600250001-6. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00789r002600250001-6 [^50]: Martin Ebon to John McMahon, August 5, 1984, and George V. Lauder, Director, Public Affairs, CIA, to Martin Ebon, August 16, 1984. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP86M00886R001100080008-7. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp86m00886r001100080008-7 [^51]: Ebon, *The Andropov File* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983); *The Soviet Propaganda Machine* (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987), cited in *Military Review* (1989); *Nikita Khrushchev* (1986); *KGB: Death and Rebirth* (1994). https://archive.org/details/andropovfilelife00ebon, https://archive.org/details/sovietpropaganda0000ebon, https://archive.org/details/nikitakhrushchev0000ebon and https://archive.org/details/kgbdeathrebirth00ebon [^52]: Martin Ebon, *Svetlana: The Story of Stalin's Daughter* ([New York]: New American Library, 1967). https://archive.org/details/svetlanastoryofs00ebon. Associated Press, Moscow, "Ghosted," Chicago Sun-Times, 1967, CIA CREST, CIA-RDP88-01350R000200680022-6. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp88-01350r000200680022-6 [^53]: Martin Ebon, *Lin Piao: The Life and Writings of China's New Ruler* (New York: Stein and Day, 1970). https://archive.org/details/linpiaolifewriti00ebon [^54]: Martin Ebon, ed., *The Signet Handbook of Parapsychology* (New York: New American Library, 1978). https://archive.org/details/signethandbookof00ebon. Chapter citations: Harold E. Puthoff and Russell Targ, "Remote Viewing: A New Research Frontier," and Montague Ullman and Stanley Krippner, "Experimental Dream Studies," pp. 409-422, as cited in Puthoff and Edwin C. May, *DoD Psychoenergetics Program: Replication Studies*, SRI/GF-0260 (February 1984), CIA CREST CIA-RDP96-00792R000600310001-7, and in the John Palmer report for the European Research Office, CIA CREST CIA-RDP96-00789R003800360001-1. [^55]: Ebon titles as listed in the references of CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200230018-6, pp. 252-253: *Beyond Time and Space* (New American Library, 1967), *Prophecy in Our Time* (1969), *The Psychic Reader* (1970), *Reincarnation in the Twentieth Century* (1970), *Test Your ESP* (1971), *They Knew the Unknown* (1972), *True Experiences in Communicating With the Dead* (1968), *True Experiences in Exotic ESP* (1968), *Witchcraft Today* (1971), and *Psychic Discoveries of the Russians* (1971). [^56]: Harold E. Puthoff, *Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China (1982)*, final report, Defense Intelligence Agency contract MDA908-82-C-0034 (October 1982), reference list. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00792R000400320001-8. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00792r000400320001-8 [^57]: Marcello Truzzi, "China's Psychic Savants," *Omni* (1984), corpus copy. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00792R000300420017-1. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00792r000300420017-1 [^58]: "Parapsychology in the USSR," CIA CREST summary, CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9, citing Ebon's "Psi in the USSR: Religion Without a Cross" (Appendix 1, reference literature). Publisher not identified in this record. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00792r000500210001-9 [^59]: *Parapsychology Abstracts International*, 1988, reporting the special issue marking Hans Bender's eightieth birthday (5 February 1987), with a 207-item bibliography compiled by Eberhard Bauer and a list of congratulants that includes Martin Ebon. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00792R000700650003-7. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00792r000700650003-7 [^60]: Defense Intelligence Agency, bibliographic database, "Psychoenergetics (U), Initial Report," 16 November 1990, entry for Ebon, "A history of parapsychology," in *Psychic Exploration*. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00789R002900060001-4. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00789r002900060001-4 [^61]: Science Applications International Corporation, *Anomalous Mental Phenomena: Selected Papers* (24 June 1991), reference 1 and institutions roster. CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00789R003100030001-4. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00789r003100030001-4 [^62]: Edwin C. May and S. LaBerge, "Anomalous Cognition in Lucid Dreams" (20 December 1991), references, citing Ullman and Krippner in Ebon (ed.), *The Signet Handbook of Parapsychology* (1978). CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00789R003100140001-2. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00789r003100140001-2 [^63]: CIA CREST, CIA-RDP96-00791R000200230021-9, -0022-8, -0026-4, -0027-3, -0030-9, -0031-8, -0032-7 and -0033-6 (database-search printouts). https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00791r000200230027-3 [^64]: John Chambers, acknowledgments in *Victor Hugo's Conversations with the Spirit World* (Rochester, Vt.: Destiny Books, 2008). https://books.google.com/books?id=hFwoDwAAQBAJ --- *The Info Web has an MCP server for agents at https://theinfoweb.org/mcp (streamable HTTP, no auth): search by meaning, exact text, source or date, and follow typed, footnoted connections. Setup and the same tools over GET: https://theinfoweb.org/llms.txt*