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U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York

Federal trial court for Manhattan and seven other counties, created in 1814, whose judges decided the Pentagon Papers injunction, the Epstein and Maxwell prosecutions and the September 11 litigation.

Also known as
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, S.D.N.Y.
Dates
1814
Location
New York, New York
Mentioned on
79 pages
Last edited

The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York is the federal trial court for Manhattan, the Bronx, and the counties of Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan and Westchester.1 Congress divided the New York district into a northern and a southern district on April 9, 1814.2 Appeals go to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Its judges have decided the Pentagon Papers application of 1971, the federal prosecutions of Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell, the civil suits that followed Epstein's trafficking, a series of securities and antitrust cases, and the Iran arms and Halkbank sanctions cases.

Creation and Districting

The Judiciary Act of 1789 organized New York as one judicial district with one judgeship.2 The act of April 9, 1814 divided the state into a northern and a southern district with one judgeship each.2 Congress established the Eastern District of New York in 1865 and the Western District of New York in 1900. It added judgeships to the Southern District in 1903, 1906, 1909, 1922, 1929, 1936, 1949, 1954, 1961, 1970 and 1990, among other years.2

On February 10, 1954 Congress authorized two additional judgeships for the Southern District.3 Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated Lawrence Walsh, who had been counsel to Governor Thomas E. Dewey of New York, to one of the new seats on April 6, 1954. The Senate confirmed him on April 27, and his commission issued on April 28. He resigned on December 29, 1957. From 1986 to 1993 he served as independent counsel in the Iran-Contra affair investigation.3

Judges

Richard M. Berman was born in New York City in 1943. He graduated from Cornell University in 1964 and from the New York University School of Law in 1967, and worked as executive assistant to Senator Jacob Javits from 1974 to 1977 and later served as a judge of the Queens County Family Court from 1995 to 1998. Bill Clinton nominated him on May 21, 1998 to a seat vacated by Kevin Thomas Duffy. The Senate confirmed him on October 21, 1998, and he assumed senior status on September 11, 2011.4 He presided over United States v. Epstein and the Halkbank prosecution.56

Alison Nathan was born in Philadelphia in 1972. Barack Obama nominated her on March 31, 2011 to a seat vacated by Sidney H. Stein, and she was confirmed on October 13, 2011. Joseph R. Biden nominated her to the Second Circuit on January 3, 2022, and her commission issued on March 30, 2022.7 She presided over the Maxwell prosecution from its unsealing through trial and sentenced Maxwell in June 2022.

Loretta Preska was born in Albany, New York, in 1949. George H.W. Bush nominated her on March 31, 1992 to a seat vacated by Robert J. Ward, and she was confirmed on August 11, 1992. She served as chief judge from 2009 to 2016 and assumed senior status on March 1, 2017.8 She presides over the Giuffre v. Maxwell docket, which passed to her after the death of Robert W. Sweet in 2019.

Jed Rakoff was born in Philadelphia in 1943. Bill Clinton nominated him on October 11, 1995 to a seat vacated by David N. Edelstein, and he was confirmed on December 29, 1995. He assumed senior status on December 31, 2010. Before the bench he was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 1973 to 1980 and chief of its business and securities fraud prosecutions from 1978 to 1980.9

Paul Engelmayer was born in New York City in 1961. He clerked for Justice Thurgood Marshall in 1988 and 1989 and led the Major Crimes Unit of the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York from 1996 to 1999. Barack Obama nominated him on February 2, 2011 to a seat vacated by Gerard E. Lynch, and the Senate confirmed him on July 26, 2011.10 He took over the Maxwell criminal case after Nathan's elevation to the Second Circuit.11

Robert W. Sweet was born in Yonkers, New York, in 1922 and served as a lieutenant junior grade in the United States Navy from 1943 to 1946. Jimmy Carter nominated him on February 17, 1978 to a seat vacated by Inzer B. Wyatt. He took senior status on March 1, 1991 and died in Ketchum, Idaho, on March 24, 2019.12 Sweet sentenced Steven Hoffenberg in 1997.13

Jesse M. Furman was born in New York City in 1972. Barack Obama nominated him on June 7, 2011 to a seat vacated by Alvin K. Hellerstein, and he was confirmed on February 17, 2012. Before the bench he was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 2004 to 2007 and from 2009 to 2012, and counselor to the U.S. Attorney General.14 A writer named Jesse Furman co-wrote with Steven Emerson a November 1991 article in The New Republic reporting that the military personnel records of Ari Ben-Menashe showed he had served as a low-level translator.15 The byline gives no biographical description, and records found do not establish whether the writer is the judge, whose Federal Judicial Center entry gives a birth year of 1972 and a Harvard degree in 1994.

Richard J. Sullivan was born in Manhasset, New York, in 1964. George W. Bush nominated him on February 15, 2007 to a seat vacated by Michael B. Mukasey, and the Senate confirmed him on June 28, 2007. His service ended on October 25, 2018 on appointment to the Second Circuit.16 Sullivan presided over Hoffenberg v. Epstein in 2016.17

Richard Casey was born in Ithaca, New York, in 1933 and was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 1959 to 1963. Bill Clinton nominated him on July 16, 1997 to a seat vacated by Charles S. Haight Jr.. He was commissioned on October 24, 1997 and served until his death on March 22, 2007.18 Casey presided over the consolidated September 11 litigation discussed below.

Murray Gurfein was born in New York City in 1907. He was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 1931 to 1933, an assistant district attorney of New York County from 1938 to 1942, a lieutenant colonel in the Office of Strategic Services from 1942 to 1946, and an assistant to Robert H. Jackson, chief United States prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials, in 1945. Richard Nixon nominated him on April 14, 1971; the Senate confirmed him on May 20, 1971, and he left the district court on appointment to the Second Circuit in 1974.19

David N. Edelstein was born in New York City in 1910, was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 1945 to 1947 and assistant attorney general in charge of the Customs Division from 1948 to 1951. Harry S. Truman nominated him on January 30, 1952, and the Senate confirmed him on April 7, 1952. He was chief judge from 1971 to 1980, took senior status in 1994 and died on August 19, 2000.19 Kevin Thomas Duffy, appointed by Nixon in 1972, held the seat to which Berman was later nominated. In the Mickey Mouse March case of February 14, 1975 he granted Walt Disney Productions a preliminary injunction against Mature Pictures Corp. over the use of the music in the film The Life and Times of the Happy Hooker.20

Louis L. Stanton was born in New York City in 1927 and served in the Marine Corps Reserve from 1950 to 1952. Ronald Reagan nominated him on June 12, 1985 and the Senate confirmed him on July 16, 1985.19 William C. Conner, appointed by Nixon in 1973, was the judge before whom the pretrial hearings in the CBS suit against Fairness in Media were argued in March 1985.19

Lewis A. Kaplan was born in 1944 and was a special master of the district court in 1982 and 1983. Bill Clinton nominated him on May 5, 1994 and the Senate confirmed him on August 9, 1994. He served on the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation from 2012 to 2019.21 He decided Giuffre v. Prince Andrew and the case of Caroline Ellison (LAK). John G. Koeltl was born in 1945, clerked for Justice Potter Stewart in 1972 and 1973 and was assistant special prosecutor of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force in 1973 and 1974. Clinton nominated him on April 26, 1994 and the Senate confirmed him on August 9, 1994.22 He decided Jane Doe 43 v. Epstein (JGK).

Lewis J. Liman was born in 1960, clerked for Justice John Paul Stevens in 1989 and 1990, and was an assistant United States attorney in the district from 1994 to 1999. Donald Trump nominated him on May 21, 2019 and the Senate confirmed him on December 19, 2019.19 He decided Andriesz v. BGC Financial (LJL). Gregory H. Woods was born in 1969, was deputy general counsel of the Department of Transportation from 2009 to 2012 and general counsel of the Department of Energy from 2012 to 2013. Obama nominated him on May 9, 2013 and the Senate confirmed him on November 4, 2013.19 He presided over the case of Ethan Phelan Melzer (GHW). Arun Subramanian was born in 1979 in Pittsburgh, clerked for Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg in 2006 and 2007, and was nominated by Biden on January 23, 2023; the Senate confirmed him on March 7, 2023.19 He decided the claims in Doe 1 v. Government of the United States Virgin Islands (AS). Jessica Clarke was nominated by Biden and confirmed on March 16, 2023; she presides over Doe v. Black.19

Appointment of United States Attorneys

Under 28 U.S.C. section 546(d), when an interim appointment by the Attorney General expires after 120 days, the district court may appoint a United States attorney to serve until the vacancy is filled.23 The judges of the district appointed Geoffrey Berman on April 25, 2018, after his interim appointment by Attorney General Jeff Sessions. On June 19, 2020 Berman stated that he had not resigned and had no intention of doing so, and that he had been appointed by the judges of the court.24 On August 18, 2025 the court issued an advisory stating that Jay Clayton, appointed interim United States Attorney by the Attorney General, had a term expiring on or about August 19, 2025, and that the court had appointed him United States Attorney effective August 20, 2025, to serve until a Senate-confirmed successor took office.25

The Pentagon Papers Application

On June 15, 1971 Gurfein denied the government's application for a preliminary injunction against The New York Times in United States v. New York Times Co., No. 71 Civ. 2662.26 The government had asked for a temporary restraining order and a preliminary injunction to stop further publication of 47 volumes titled "History of United States Decision Making Process on Vietnam Policy," covering 1945 to 1967 and prepared in 1967 and 1968 at the direction of Robert S. McNamara. The request also covered a one-volume study of the Gulf of Tonkin Incident prepared for the Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1965.26 Gurfein had restrained the newspaper pending the hearing. He declined to continue the restraint and wrote that "[t]here is no greater safety valve for discontent and cynicism about the affairs of Government than freedom of expression in any form."26 The case went to the Supreme Court of the United States, which decided New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713, on June 30, 1971. The Court wrote per curiam that the government "thus carries a heavy burden of showing justification for the imposition of such a restraint," and it reversed the order of the Second Circuit and remanded with directions to enter a judgment affirming the judgment of the district court.27

Corporate and Antitrust Cases

On June 30, 1961 Trans World Airlines filed a complaint in the district against Hughes Tool Company, charging violations of the antitrust laws. On February 7, 1962 the court appointed a special master for discovery. On February 1, 1963 it ordered Howard Hughes to appear for a deposition and ordered the defendant to produce documents it had refused to produce, and on February 7, 1963 it denied a motion to dismiss. A default judgment for more than $145 million with interest was later entered. The Supreme Court reversed in Hughes Tool Co. v. Trans World Airlines, 409 U.S. 363 (1973), holding that the Court of Appeals had erred in rejecting the defense that the transactions were immune from the antitrust laws under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, and it remanded with directions to dismiss the complaint. The district court's damages rulings are reported at 308 F. Supp. 679 and 312 F. Supp. 478, and the Court of Appeals had affirmed at 449 F.2d 51. Chief Justice Burger, joined by Justice Blackmun, dissented.28

On January 17, 1969 the Department of Justice filed an antitrust complaint against IBM in the district, alleging that IBM had monopolized the market for general-purpose electronic digital computer systems in violation of section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act.29 In an order of April 16, 1973 Chief Judge Edelstein designated special masters to rule on privilege claims over documents IBM had withheld, among them documents generated by the so-called Cravath, Swaine & Moore Task Forces and the Office of Business Practices.30 His opinion of June 27, 1974 is reported as United States v. International Business Machines Corp., 66 F.R.D. 154.30 On January 8, 1982 a stipulation of dismissal signed by counsel for IBM and by Assistant Attorney General William F. Baxter dismissed the case without costs to either side.29 IBM then petitioned the Second Circuit for a writ of mandamus directing Edelstein to conduct no further proceedings in the case, and it raised questions under the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act. On August 13, 1982 the court held that a writ of mandamus should issue. It did not reach IBM's alternative request that Edelstein recuse himself, a request the court had earlier considered in a mandamus petition reported at 618 F.2d 923 (2d Cir. 1980).29 The decision is reported as In re International Business Machines Corp., 687 F.2d 591 (2d Cir. 1982).29

In August 1999 Sumitomo Corporation sued J.P. Morgan & Co. and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York in the district. Sumitomo alleged that from 1993 to 1996 Morgan had assisted a Sumitomo employee in copper trading.31

On February 14, 1985 CBS Inc. sued Fairness in Media in the district. CBS alleged that the group's SEC filings were false and misleading, and that they did not disclose lawsuits filed against James Palmer Cain by the Federal Election Commission and the Democratic Committee of North Carolina. CBS amended the complaint on February 27 and charged that the group was "attempting to manipulate the market in CBS stock."3233

Securities and Ponzi Cases

On April 16, 2010 the Securities and Exchange Commission sued Goldman Sachs and the trader Fabrice Tourre in the district over the marketing of the ABACUS 2007-AC1 collateralized debt obligation.34 Goldman agreed to pay $550 million, announced on July 15, 2010.35 The final judgment against Tourre was filed on March 27, 2014 under the docket suffix KBF, for Judge Katherine Forrest.363738

On November 28, 2011 Rakoff declined to approve a consent judgment between the SEC and Citigroup Global Markets. In SEC v. Citigroup Global Markets, No. 11 Civ. 7387 (JSR), 827 F. Supp. 2d 328, he wrote that a $95 million civil penalty was "pocket change to any entity as large as Citigroup."39

On May 27, 2016 Steven Hoffenberg sued Jeffrey Epstein and "The Financial Trust Company" in the district, individually and as constructive trustee of the noteholders of Towers Financial Corporation. Epstein and the company were represented by Bennet J. Moskowitz of Troutman Sanders, who wrote to Sullivan on June 28, 2016 that Hoffenberg lacked standing and that his claims had expired.1740 The docket records dismissal on July 5, 2016.17

In August 2018 two plaintiffs sued Financial Trust Company and Epstein in Gerber v. The Financial Trust Company, No. 1:18-cv-07580 (JPO), before Judge J. Paul Oetken. The docket records termination on October 5, 2018.41

On November 22, 2023 six women identified as Jane Does sued the Government of the United States Virgin Islands, John de Jongh, Cecile de Jongh and others in the district. The defendants included Kenneth Mapp, Vincent Frazer, Celestino White, Carlton Dowe and Stacey Plaskett. On March 21, 2025 Subramanian dismissed the claims against Dowe and White for lack of personal jurisdiction.42 Judgment was entered on May 5, 2026.43

Iran Arms and Halkbank

On August 1, 1990 Judge Stanton ruled on motions in United States v. Menashe, 741 F. Supp. 1135, No. 90 Cr. 010 (LLS). Count one charged the defendants with conspiring to sell American-made C-130 military cargo planes located in Israel to Iran in violation of the Arms Export Control Act. Count two charged Joseph O'Toole with conspiring with two unindicted co-conspirators to sell American-made anti-aircraft missiles located in Israel to an undisclosed country.44 Stanton denied the motion to dismiss the indictment, which Richard St. Francis had made on the ground that the government's conduct was so unfair as to violate due process and which Ari Ben-Menashe joined. He granted the motions to sever count two and to sever O'Toole.44

The district court also heard the Halkbank prosecution. The United States indicted Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S., a bank owned by the Republic of Turkey, for conspiring to evade United States sanctions against Iran in No. 15 Cr. 867. The district court denied Halkbank's motion to dismiss in a ruling dated October 1, 2020. Halkbank had argued that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act gave it immunity from criminal prosecution.5 The Second Circuit affirmed on October 22, 2021 in United States v. Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S., 16 F.4th 336.6 On April 19, 2023 the Supreme Court held that the district court had jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. section 3231 and that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act does not provide immunity from criminal prosecution.5

The September 11 Litigation and BCCI

On December 9, 2003 the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation centralized six September 11 cases before the district. The consolidated action came to include more than three thousand survivors, family members, and insurance carriers, and the complaints named over two hundred defendants.45 Casey's opinion of January 18, 2005, reported as In re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001, 349 F. Supp. 2d 765, granted the motion of Abdulrahman bin Mahfouz to dismiss the Burnett complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction. It denied without prejudice the motion of the National Commercial Bank to dismiss.45

The opinion's summary of the Ashton and Burnett complaints states that Khalid bin Mahfouz became president and chief executive of the National Commercial Bank in 1986 and that in the same year he became chief operating officer and a major shareholder of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International. The summary reads: "He was subsequently indicted in New York state in connection with his involvement in BCCI's fraudulent practices, which also implicated NCB."45 The statement is the plaintiffs' allegation as recited in the opinion.

Epstein Criminal Case

A grand jury returned the indictment in United States v. Epstein, No. 1:19-cr-00490, under seal on July 2, 2019. Epstein was arrested on July 6, and Richard M. Berman ordered him detained on July 18.46 Epstein was found dead in the Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York on August 10, 2019. Berman held a hearing on August 27 at which accusers spoke.47 On August 29 the docket records termination of the case.4849 Berman's later decision and order of August 20, 2025 and his order of December 10, 2025 are at ECF Nos. 77 and 92.50

Maxwell Criminal Case

A grand jury indicted Ghislaine Maxwell under seal on June 29, 2020 in United States v. Maxwell, No. 1:20-cr-00330.51 Judge Alison Nathan denied Maxwell's motion to dismiss the indictment for breach of the 2007 Epstein non-prosecution agreement on April 16, 2021.52 Trial began on November 29, 2021, and the former pilot Larry Visoski was the government's first witness.53 The jury convicted Maxwell on December 29, 2021 on five of six counts.54

Nathan denied Maxwell's motion for a new trial on April 1, 2022 and sentenced her on June 28, 2022 to 240 months on the sex trafficking count, with concurrent terms on the other counts.55 The judgment was entered on June 29, 2022. The Second Circuit affirmed on September 17, 2024 in United States v. Maxwell, 118 F.4th 256, No. 22-1426-cr.56

After Nathan's elevation Judge Engelmayer took over the case. On August 11, 2025 he denied a motion by Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche to unseal grand jury transcripts, holding that Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 6(e) barred disclosure. The opinion is reported at 794 F. Supp. 3d 215.57 On January 21, 2026 he ruled on a motion by Representatives Thomas Massie and Ro Khanna, sponsors of the Epstein Files Transparency Act, to participate as amici curiae. He denied it.11

Giuffre v. Maxwell

Virginia Giuffre sued Maxwell for defamation in Giuffre v. Maxwell, No. 1:15-cv-07433, on September 21, 2015.58 Sweet presided at first, and Preska took the case after his death. A protective order was entered on March 17, 2016, and the case settled in May 2017.58 Discovery from the case remained under seal, and Preska ruled on its release from 2019 onward, including the release of names from the record in January 2024.59 The Second Circuit decided the appeals in Brown v. Maxwell; Dershowitz v. Giuffre, 929 F.3d 41 (2d Cir. 2019), on July 3, 2019, and issued a further decision in the case in July 2025, reported at 146 F.4th 165.6061

On August 11, 2026 the court modified the protective order in an order at ECF 1367. On September 3, 2026 it amended the caption to read Ian Torrington Blatchford, as interim administrator of Virginia Giuffre's estate, against Maxwell.62

Giuffre v. Dershowitz and Giuffre v. Prince Andrew

On April 16, 2019 Giuffre sued Alan Dershowitz in Giuffre v. Dershowitz, No. 1:19-cv-03377, before Preska. The docket records termination on November 10, 2022.63

On August 9, 2021 Giuffre sued Prince Andrew in Giuffre v. Prince Andrew, No. 1:21-cv-06702 (LAK). Kaplan's opinion on the motion to dismiss was filed on January 12, 2022, and the parties stipulated to dismissal, so-ordered on March 8, 2022.64

Epstein Bank and Territorial Litigation

On December 27, 2022 the Government of the United States Virgin Islands sued JPMorgan Chase in Government of the United States Virgin Islands v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, No. 1:22-cv-10904 (JSR). The territory alleged that the bank had kept Epstein as a private banking client from 1998 to 2013 while he trafficked minors. Rakoff presided.65 JPMorgan settled the territory's suit for $75 million in September 2023. It settled the consolidated class claims of Epstein's accusers for $290 million, which the court approved in November 2023.66

Jane Doe 43 sued in Jane Doe 43 v. Epstein, No. 1:17-cv-00616 (JGK), on January 26, 2017 under the federal trafficking statute. The case was assigned to Koeltl, with Sarah Netburn as magistrate judge, and the parties stipulated to dismissal with prejudice on December 20, 2018.67 The plaintiff later litigated under her own name as Sarah Ransome.67

In July 2023 the law firm Wigdor LLP filed Doe v. Black, No. 1:23-cv-06418, against Leon Black in the district, where it was assigned to Judge Clarke.68

On March 9, 2023 JPMorgan filed a third-party complaint against Jes Staley in the Virgin Islands action, asserting indemnification, contribution, breach of fiduciary duty and faithless servant claims and seeking recovery of compensation paid to him from 2006 through 2013.69

Brokerage Cases

On April 12, 2024 Jane Street Group sued Millennium Management and two former traders in the district under the Defend Trade Secrets Act. Judge Paul Engelmayer so-ordered a stipulation of dismissal with prejudice on December 6, 2024.70

On September 17, 2024 Simon Andriesz petitioned the district to vacate, modify or remand an arbitration award against BGC Financial, No. 1:24-cv-07004. On April 23, 2025 Liman held the petition untimely, because Andriesz had not served BGC within three months of the filing of the award, and in the alternative held that it "would still fail on the merits."71 The Second Circuit issued an order in No. 25-1341 on June 16, 2025.72

Extremist Prosecution

The FBI arrested Ethan Phelan Melzer, a soldier, on June 10, 2020, before a planned deployment, after he had made contact with adherents in the RapeWaffen Division Telegram channel. A superseding indictment in United States v. Melzer, No. 1:20-cr-00314-GHW, was returned on August 18, 2020.73 Melzer pleaded guilty on June 24, 2022 and was sentenced to 45 years. The Second Circuit affirmed in No. 23-6247-cr (2d Cir. 2024).74

Cryptocurrency Fraud Cases

On December 21, 2022 the Securities and Exchange Commission sued Caroline Ellison and Gary Wang in SEC v. Ellison, No. 22-cv-10794. Consent judgments were entered as to each on December 23, 2022.75 Ellison was prosecuted in United States v. Ellison, No. 22 Cr. 673 (LAK). Judge Kaplan imposed sentence on September 24, 2024, and an amended judgment was entered on October 10, 2024.76

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Sources

  1. 28 U.S.C. section 112(b), Cornell Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/112 ↩
  2. Federal Judicial Center, "U.S. District Courts for the Districts of New York: Legislative History." https://www.fjc.gov/history/courts/us-district-courts-districts-new-york-legislative-history ↩
  3. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Walsh, Lawrence Edward." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/walsh-lawrence-edward ↩
  4. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Berman, Richard M." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/berman-richard-m ↩
  5. Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S. v. United States, 598 U.S. 264 (Apr. 19, 2023), No. 21-1450, slip op. at 1-3, stating that the district court denied the motion to dismiss and holding that the district court had jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. section 3231 and that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act does not provide immunity from criminal prosecution. The district court ruling is cited there as No. 15 Cr. 867 (SDNY, Oct. 1, 2020). https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-1450_5468.pdf ↩
  6. United States v. Turkiye Halk Bankasi A.S., No. 20-3499, 16 F.4th 336 (2d Cir. Oct. 22, 2021). https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/5291813/united-states-v-bankasi/ ↩
  7. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Nathan, Alison Julie." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/nathan-alison-julie ↩
  8. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Preska, Loretta A." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/preska-loretta ↩
  9. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Rakoff, Jed Saul." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/rakoff-jed-saul ↩
  10. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Engelmayer, Paul Adam." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/engelmayer-paul-adam ↩
  11. United States v. Maxwell, No. 20 Cr. 330 (PAE) (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 21, 2026), Opinion and Order, ECF No. 844, "Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 844 Filed 01/21/26," resolving the motion of Reps. Massie and Khanna (ECF Nos. 837, 838). https://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2026-01/Maxwell%2020cr330%20-%20Opinion%20%26%20Order%201.21.26.pdf ↩
  12. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Sweet, Robert Workman." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/sweet-robert-workman ↩
  13. United States v. Hoffenberg, 94 Cr. 213 (RWS), 95 Cr. 321 (RWS), 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 2394 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 4, 1997), as cited in the complaint in Gerber v. The Financial Trust Company, No. 1:18-cv-07580 (S.D.N.Y.). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7698990/gerber-v-the-financial-trust-company/ ↩
  14. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Furman, Jesse Matthew." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/furman-jesse-matthew ↩
  15. Joint Report of the October Surprise Task Force, January 3, 1993, p. 68 (summarizing Steven Emerson and Jesse Furman, "The Conspiracy That Wasn't," The New Republic, November 3, 1991). ↩
  16. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Sullivan, Richard Joseph." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/sullivan-richard-joseph ↩
  17. Hoffenberg v. Epstein, No. 1:16-cv-03989 (RJS) (S.D.N.Y.), docket (complaint filed May 27, 2016; terminated July 5, 2016), and Order of Judge Richard J. Sullivan, July 5, 2016. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/13248845/hoffenberg-v-epstein/ ↩
  18. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Casey, Richard Conway." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/casey-richard-conway ↩
  19. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, 1789-present, data file entries for Gurfein, Murray Irwin; Edelstein, David Norton; Stanton, Louis Lee; Conner, William Curtis; Liman, Lewis Jeffrey; Woods, Gregory Howard; Subramanian, Arun Srinivas; Clarke, Jessica Gloria Lynn. https://www.fjc.gov/sites/default/files/history/judges.csv ↩
  20. Walt Disney Productions v. Mature Pictures Corp., 389 F. Supp. 1397 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 14, 1975), No. 75 Civ. 394 (Duffy, J.), memorandum. https://static.case.law/f-supp/389/cases/1397-01.json ↩
  21. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Kaplan, Lewis A." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/kaplan-lewis ↩
  22. Federal Judicial Center, Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, "Koeltl, John George." https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/koeltl-john-george ↩
  23. 28 U.S.C. section 546(d), Cornell Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/546 ↩
  24. U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of New York, "Statement of U.S. Attorney Geoffrey S. Berman on Appointment by Chief Judge," April 25, 2018, https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/statement-us-attorney-geoffrey-s-berman-appointment-chief-judge ; Spencer Kimball, "Attorney General Barr tells top Manhattan prosecutor Berman he is fired amid power struggle," CNBC, June 20, 2020, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/20/attorney-general-barr-tells-manhattan-us-attorney-berman-he-is-fired-amid-power-struggle.html ↩
  25. United States District Court, Southern District of New York, Press Advisory, August 18, 2025. https://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2025-08/Press%20Advisory.pdf ↩
  26. United States v. New York Times Co., 328 F. Supp. 324 (S.D.N.Y. June 15, 1971), No. 71 Civ. 2662 (Gurfein, J.), memorandum. https://static.case.law/f-supp/328/cases/0324-01.json ↩
  27. New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971). https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/713 ↩
  28. Hughes Tool Co. v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 409 U.S. 363 (1973), Nos. 71-827 and 71-830, procedural history of the litigation. https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/409/363 ↩
  29. In re International Business Machines Corp., 687 F.2d 591 (2d Cir. Aug. 13, 1982), Background section (docket United States v. International Business Machines Corp., 69 Civ. 200, S.D.N.Y., filed January 17, 1969). https://static.case.law/f2d/687/cases/0591-01.json ↩
  30. United States v. International Business Machines Corp., 66 F.R.D. 154 (S.D.N.Y. June 27, 1974), No. 69 Civ. 200 (DNE) (Edelstein, C.J.), opinion, including the account of the Special Master Order No. 1 of April 16, 1973. https://static.case.law/frd/66/cases/0154-01.json ↩
  31. J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated, Form 10-K405 for 2001, Item 3, "Legal proceedings" (Sumitomo Corporation v. J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated, Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, S.D.N.Y., filed August 1999). https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095012302002823/y57010e10-k405.htm ↩
  32. "Targeting CBS" and "In Brief" (CBS suit), p. 104, and editorial "Southern discomfort," Broadcasting, February 18, 1985. https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-BC/Broadcasting-Magazine/BC-1985/BC-1985-02-18.pdf ↩
  33. "CBS on offensive in takeover challenges," Broadcasting, March 11, 1985. https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-BC/Broadcasting-Magazine/BC-1985/BC-1985-03-11.pdf ↩
  34. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Litigation Release No. 21489, "Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Fabrice Tourre," April 16, 2010, SEC v. Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Fabrice Tourre, 10 Civ. 3229 (S.D.N.Y.). https://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/2010/lr21489.htm ↩
  35. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, press release 2010-123, "Goldman Sachs to Pay Record $550 Million to Settle SEC Charges Related to Subprime Mortgage CDO," July 15, 2010. https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2010/2010-123.htm ↩
  36. CourtListener docket 4347648, SEC v. Goldman Sachs & Co., No. 1:10-cv-03229, filed April 16, 2010, terminated March 27, 2014. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4347648/ ↩
  37. SEC v. Fabrice Tourre, 10 Civ. 3229 (KBF) (S.D.N.Y.), Document 5198, Final Judgment as to Defendant Fabrice Tourre, filed March 27, 2014. https://www.sec.gov/files/Judg10-cv-03229Tourre.pdf ↩
  38. CourtListener docket 4347648, docket header listing the assigned judge as Katherine Bolan Forrest, matching the KBF docket suffix. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4347648/ ↩
  39. Opinion and Order, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission v. Citigroup Global Markets Inc., No. 11 Civ. 7387 (JSR), 827 F. Supp. 2d 328 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 28, 2011) (Rakoff, J.). https://static.case.law/f-supp-2d/827/cases/0328-01.json ↩
  40. Letter of Bennet J. Moskowitz, Troutman Sanders LLP, to Hon. Richard J. Sullivan, June 28, 2016, Hoffenberg v. Epstein, No. 1:16-cv-03989 (RJS), filed as ECF No. 16-7 in No. 1:18-cv-07580-JPO (S.D.N.Y.). https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.499593/gov.uscourts.nysd.499593.16.7.pdf ↩
  41. Gerber v. The Financial Trust Company, No. 1:18-cv-07580 (S.D.N.Y.), docket (filed August 20, 2018; terminated October 5, 2018; Judge J. Paul Oetken). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7698990/gerber-v-the-financial-trust-company/ ↩
  42. Doe 1 v. Government of the United States Virgin Islands, No. 1:23-cv-10301-AS (S.D.N.Y.), Opinion and Order, ECF No. 202 (March 21, 2025), pp. 1 to 2, 10. https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.610915/gov.uscourts.nysd.610915.202.0.pdf ↩
  43. Doe 1 v. Government of the United States Virgin Islands, No. 1:23-cv-10301-AS (S.D.N.Y.), docket, including Judgment, ECF No. 229 (May 5, 2026). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68031620/doe-1-v-government-of-the-united-states-virgin-islands/ ↩
  44. United States v. Menashe, 741 F. Supp. 1135 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 1, 1990), No. 90 Cr. 010 (LLS) (Stanton, J.), memorandum and order. https://static.case.law/f-supp/741/cases/1135-01.json ↩
  45. In re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001, 349 F. Supp. 2d 765 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 18, 2005), Nos. 03 MDL 1570 (RCC) et al. (Casey, J.), Opinion and Order, including the parts on the Burnett complaint against Abdulrahman bin Mahfouz, the National Commercial Bank, and the Ashton and Burnett complaint allegations concerning Khalid bin Mahfouz. https://static.case.law/f-supp-2d/349/cases/0765-01.json ↩
  46. United States v. Epstein, No. 1:19-cr-00490-RMB (S.D.N.Y.), ECF No. 23, Letter from AUSA Alison Moe to Judge Richard M. Berman (Supplement to Detention Memorandum), July 16, 2019, pp. 1 to 3. https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.518649/gov.uscourts.nysd.518649.23.0_2.pdf ↩
  47. United States v. Epstein, No. 1:19-cr-00490-RMB (S.D.N.Y.), transcript of hearing, August 27, 2019, produced in the Department of Justice Epstein Library as EFTA02733081. https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/Court%20Records/CA%20Florida%20Holdings%2C%20LLC%2C%20Publisher%20of%20the%20Palm%20Beach%20Post%20v.%20Aronberg%2C%20No.%2050-2019-CA-014681-XXXX-MB%20(Fla.%2015th%20Cir.%20Ct.%202019)/EFTA02733081.pdf ↩
  48. CourtListener docket 15887848, United States v. Epstein, No. 1:19-cr-00490, filed July 2, 2019, terminated August 29, 2019. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/15887848/united-states-v-epstein/ ↩
  49. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General, "Investigation and Review of the Federal Bureau of Prisons' Custody, Care, and Supervision of Jeffrey Epstein at the Metropolitan Correctional Center in New York, New York," Report 23-085, June 2023, pp. 14 to 20. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/reports/23-085.pdf ↩
  50. United States v. Epstein, No. 1:19-cr-00490-RMB (S.D.N.Y.), Decision and Order, ECF No. 77 (Aug. 20, 2025), quoting United States v. Maxwell, 2025 WL 2301281, at *9 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 11, 2025); Decision and Order, ECF No. 92 (Dec. 10, 2025). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/15887848/united-states-v-epstein/ ↩
  51. CourtListener docket 17318376, United States v. Maxwell, No. 1:20-cr-00330, filed June 29, 2020. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17318376/united-states-v-maxwell/ ↩
  52. United States v. Maxwell, No. 20 Cr. 330 (AJN), Opinion and Order, ECF No. 207 (Apr. 16, 2021), CourtListener docket 17318376. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17318376/united-states-v-maxwell/ ↩
  53. Tom Winter and Corky Siemaszko, "Jeffrey Epstein's longtime pilot testifies in trial of Ghislaine Maxwell," NBC News, November 30, 2021. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/jeffrey-epsteins-longtime-pilot-testifies-trial-ghislaine-maxwell-rcna7078 ↩
  54. "Ghislaine Maxwell trial: Jury finds she sex trafficked a minor for Jeffrey Epstein, guilty on five of six counts," CNN, December 29, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/29/us/ghislaine-maxwell-trial-wednesday ↩
  55. United States v. Maxwell, No. 20 Cr. 330 (AJN), Opinion and Order denying motion for new trial (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 1, 2022); U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of New York, "Ghislaine Maxwell Sentenced To 20 Years In Prison For Conspiring With Jeffrey Epstein To Sexually Abuse Minors," press release, June 28, 2022. https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/ghislaine-maxwell-sentenced-20-years-prison-conspiring-jeffrey-epstein-sexually-abuse ↩
  56. United States v. Maxwell, No. 22-1426-cr, slip op. (2d Cir. Sept. 17, 2024), argued March 12, 2024, Cabranes, Wesley and Lohier, JJ., reported at 118 F.4th 256. The opinion states that Maxwell appealed "her June 29, 2022, judgment of conviction" from Judge Alison J. Nathan. https://storage.courtlistener.com/pdf/2024/09/17/united_states_v._maxwell.pdf ↩
  57. United States v. Maxwell, No. 1:20-cr-00330 (S.D.N.Y.), Opinion and Order, ECF No. 809 (Aug. 11, 2025), reported at 794 F. Supp. 3d 215. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17318376/united-states-v-maxwell/ ↩
  58. CourtListener docket 4355835, Giuffre v. Maxwell, No. 1:15-cv-07433 (filed September 21, 2015; assigned to Loretta A. Preska on the docket; terminated May 25, 2017), with Complaint, ECF No. 1; Opinion denying motion to dismiss, ECF No. 37 (Feb. 2016); Protective Order, ECF No. 62 (March 17, 2016). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4355835/ian-torrington-blatchford-as-interim-administrator-of-virginia-giuffres/ ↩
  59. Giuffre v. Maxwell, No. 1:15-cv-07433 (S.D.N.Y.), ECF Nos. 1220 (July 1, 2021), 1254 (April 19, 2022), 1285-1343 (Dec. 2022 to Jan. 2024), 1315 (Dec. 18, 2023), 1320-1342 (Jan. 3-17, 2024). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4355835/ian-torrington-blatchford-as-interim-administrator-of-virginia-giuffres/ ↩
  60. Brown v. Maxwell; Dershowitz v. Giuffre, 929 F.3d 41 (2d Cir. 2019), Nos. 18-2868, 16-3945-cv(L) (July 3, 2019). https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/4636340/brown-v-maxwell-dershowitz-v-giuffre/ ↩
  61. Giuffre v. Maxwell, 146 F.4th 165 (2d Cir. 2025), Nos. 24-182-cv(L), 24-203-cv(con) (July 23, 2025). https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-2nd-circuit/117500106.html ↩
  62. Giuffre v. Maxwell, No. 1:15-cv-07433 (S.D.N.Y.), Order, ECF No. 1367 (Aug. 11, 2026), modifying Protective Order, ECF No. 62; Order amending caption, ECF No. 1370 (Sept. 3, 2026). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4355835/ian-torrington-blatchford-as-interim-administrator-of-virginia-giuffres/ ↩
  63. CourtListener docket 14945220, Giuffre v. Dershowitz, No. 1:19-cv-03377 (filed April 16, 2019; assigned to Loretta A. Preska; terminated November 10, 2022). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/14945220/giuffre-v-dershowitz/ ↩
  64. Giuffre v. Prince Andrew, No. 1:21-cv-06702-LAK (S.D.N.Y.), Opinion re Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 64 (signed Jan. 11, 2022, filed Jan. 12, 2022); Stipulation and Order of Dismissal, ECF No. 83 (March 8, 2022). CourtListener docket 60119368, filed August 9, 2021. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/60119368/giuffre-v-prince-andrew/ ↩
  65. Docket, Government of the United States Virgin Islands v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., No. 1:22-cv-10904-JSR (S.D.N.Y.), ECF Nos. 1, 5, 6, 7, 17, 70, 90, 117, 120, 130, 131, CourtListener docket 66683865. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/66683865/government-of-the-united-states-virgin-islands-v-jpmorgan-chase-bank-na/ ↩
  66. "JPMorgan Chase and Epstein survivor Jane Doe 1 reach $290 million settlement," NPR, June 12, 2023. https://www.npr.org/2023/06/12/1181675580/epstein-jane-doe-1-290-million-settlement-jpmorgan-chase ; "JPMorgan's $290 million settlement with Epstein accusers wins approval by U.S. judge," CNBC, November 9, 2023. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/09/jpmorgans-290-million-settlement-with-epstein-accusers-wins-approval-by-us-judge.html ; "JPMorgan to settle Jeffrey Epstein suit by U.S. Virgin Islands for $75 million," CNBC, September 26, 2023. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/09/26/jpmorgan-to-settle-jeffrey-epstein-suit-by-virgin-islands.html ↩
  67. Jane Doe 43 v. Epstein, No. 1:17-cv-00616-JGK-SN (S.D.N.Y.), filed Jan. 26, 2017; Order, ECF No. 140 (Aug. 8, 2018); Agreed Final Order of Dismissal with Prejudice, ECF No. 189 (Dec. 20, 2018); Notice of Voluntary Dismissal, ECF No. 190 (Dec. 21, 2018); CourtListener docket 4581676. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/4581676/jane-doe-43-v-epstein/ ↩
  68. Doe v. Black, No. 1:23-cv-06418 (S.D.N.Y.), docket. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67633736/doe-v-black/ ↩
  69. "JPMorgan Sues Ex-Executive Associated With Jeffrey Epstein," Time, 2023. https://time.com/6261243/jpmorgan-lawsuit-jes-staley-epstein-trafficking/ ↩
  70. Docket, Jane Street Group, LLC v. Millennium Management LLC, No. 1:24-cv-02783-PAE (S.D.N.Y.), entry 1 (complaint, Apr. 12, 2024) and stipulation and order of dismissal with prejudice (so-ordered Dec. 6, 2024); CourtListener docket 68431468. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68431468/jane-street-group-llc-v-millennium-management-llc/ ↩
  71. Opinion and Order, Andriesz v. BGC Financial, L.P., No. 24-cv-7004 (LJL) (S.D.N.Y. April 23, 2025), docket 37, pp. 1-4, 7-12; Judgment, docket 38, April 24, 2025. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69166995/andriesz-v-bgc-financial-lp/ ↩
  72. United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Order, Andriesz v. BGC Financial, L.P., No. 25-1341, June 16, 2025, with mandate issued August 28, 2025. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69166995/andriesz-v-bgc-financial-lp/ ↩
  73. United States v. Melzer, No. 1:20-cr-00314-GHW (S.D.N.Y.), superseding indictment S1 20 Cr. 314, returned August 18, 2020. CourtListener docket 17286246. https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/17286246/united-states-v-melzer/ ↩
  74. United States v. Melzer, No. 23-6247-cr (2d Cir. 2024), affirming the 45-year sentence. Courthouse News: https://www.courthousenews.com/circuit-upholds-45-year-sentence-for-army-soldier-who-plotted-satanic-neo-nazi-ambush/ ↩
  75. Complaint, Securities and Exchange Commission v. Ellison, No. 22-cv-10794 (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 21, 2022), ECF No. 1, paras. 1-5, 13-17; consent judgments entered December 23, 2022. https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.591453/gov.uscourts.nysd.591453.1.0.pdf ↩
  76. Amended Judgment in a Criminal Case as to Caroline Ellison, United States v. Ellison, (S2) 22 Cr. 673-03 (LAK) (S.D.N.Y.; date of imposition Sept. 24, 2024; signed Oct. 9, 2024; filed Oct. 10, 2024), ECF No. 520, pp. 1-4. https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.590939/gov.uscourts.nysd.590939.520.0.pdf ↩

Connected to by shared pages

24 shared · Organizationvia Nicholas Tartaglione, Haddon, Morgan and Foreman, Ethan Phelan Melzer
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
42 shared · Personvia Nicholas Tartaglione, Annie Farmer, Epstein Victims' Compensation Program
Jeffrey Epstein
22 shared · Personvia Haddon, Morgan and Foreman, Annie Farmer, Epstein Victims' Compensation Program
Ghislaine Maxwell
23 shared · Organizationvia Epstein Victims' Compensation Program, BGC Group, Jes Staley
JPMorgan Chase
17 shared · Organizationvia Epstein Victims' Compensation Program, Celestino White, Jes Staley
Government of the United States Virgin Islands
14 shared · Eventvia Haddon, Morgan and Foreman, Loretta Preska, Sarah Ransome
Giuffre v. Maxwell
19 shared · Placevia Troutman Sanders, Celestino White, Jes Staley
U.S. Virgin Islands
16 shared · Organizationvia Nicholas Tartaglione, Loretta Preska, Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York
U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York

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